Vieites Vanessa, Reeb-Sutherland Bethany C
Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
Infant Behav Dev. 2017 May;47:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.02.005. Epub 2017 Mar 12.
Maternal depression can significantly impact mothers' sensitivity to their infants' needs as well as infants' social and emotional development. The still-face paradigm (SFP) is widely used to assess infants' understanding of the contingency between their own behavior and that of their caregivers, as well as infants' ability to self-regulate arousal levels during sudden changes in maternal responsiveness. Infants of clinically depressed mothers display blunted levels of negative affect compared to infants of non-depressed mothers during the still-face (SF) phase. However, little is known about whether individual differences in elevated, non-clinical levels of maternal depression similarly affect mother-infant interactions. The current study examines the longitudinal effects of non-clinical maternal depression on infant and maternal behaviors during the SFP. Infants (N=63) were assessed at 5 and 9 months and maternal depression was assessed at 5 months using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Infants of mothers with elevated levels of depression displayed less negative engagement during the SF phase compared to infants of mothers with lower levels of depression. This effect was present at 5 months, but not at 9 months. Findings demonstrate that non-clinical levels of maternal depressive symptomatology can have a significant impact on infants' affective regulation during the first half of the first year of life, but this does not necessarily have a long-lasting influence later in infancy. Interventions may want to target mothers with non-clinical depression to promote healthy infant social and emotional development.
母亲抑郁会显著影响母亲对婴儿需求的敏感度以及婴儿的社会和情感发展。静止脸范式（SFP）被广泛用于评估婴儿对自身行为与照顾者行为之间关联性的理解，以及婴儿在母亲反应突然变化时自我调节唤醒水平的能力。在静止脸（SF）阶段，与非抑郁母亲的婴儿相比，临床抑郁母亲的婴儿表现出较低水平的消极情绪。然而，对于非临床水平的母亲抑郁程度的个体差异是否同样会影响母婴互动，我们知之甚少。本研究考察了非临床母亲抑郁对静止脸范式期间婴儿和母亲行为的纵向影响。研究对63名婴儿在5个月和9个月时进行了评估，并在5个月时使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）对母亲的抑郁情况进行了评估。与抑郁程度较低的母亲的婴儿相比，抑郁程度较高的母亲的婴儿在SF阶段表现出较少的消极互动。这种影响在5个月时存在，但在9个月时不存在。研究结果表明，非临床水平的母亲抑郁症状在婴儿出生后第一年的上半年会对婴儿的情感调节产生显著影响，但这不一定会在婴儿后期产生持久影响。干预措施可能需要针对有非临床抑郁的母亲，以促进婴儿健康的社会和情感发展。
