Department of Nephrology, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.
J Clin Nurs. 2012 Jan;21(1-2):139-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03906.x. Epub 2011 Nov 17.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of chilled/un-chilled baby oil therapy for treating uremic pruritus in haemodialysis patients.
Uremic pruritus affects 50-90% of haemodialysis patients, which makes it one of the most common medical problems in this population. Pruritus can cause skin infection, desquamation, pathological skin change, sleep disorder, anxiety, depression and social dysfunction.
A prospective, pretest-post-test quasi-experimental design was used.
Haemodialysis patients with uremic pruritus were recruited and randomly assigned to one of three groups: experimental group 1 (chilled baby oil treatment; n = 30), experimental group 2 (un-chilled baby oil treatment; n = 31) and a control group (routine care only; n = 32). Participants in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were treated with chilled and un-chilled baby oil, respectively, for 15 minutes at least once daily for three weeks. The control group received no intervention other than standard care. Data collection included demographic data and itch severity. Medical records were also reviewed.
The baseline characteristics of subjects in this study were as follows: 59% were male, mean age was 61·88 (SD 12·7) years, mean duration of haemodialysis was 5·31 years, mean duration of uremic pruritus was 40·58 (SD 37·8) months and mean intensity of uremic pruritus was mild. The anti-pruritic effects were significantly larger in subjects treated with either chilled or un-chilled baby oil than in those who received routine care. Anti-pruritic effects did not significantly differ between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2.
The study confirmed that, for relieving pruritus in haemodialysis patients, either chilled or un-chilled baby oil is as effective as moisturising lotions and cooling soothing agents.
Applying baby oil is a simple, safe, inexpensive and easily administered treatment for itchy skin in haemodialysis patients. By preventing or reducing uremic pruritus, baby oil treatment may also improve quality of life in this patient group.
本研究旨在探讨冷/常温婴儿油疗法治疗血液透析患者尿毒症瘙痒的疗效。
尿毒症瘙痒影响 50-90%的血液透析患者，是该人群中最常见的医学问题之一。瘙痒可导致皮肤感染、脱皮、病理性皮肤改变、睡眠障碍、焦虑、抑郁和社交功能障碍。
前瞻性、预测试-后测试准实验设计。
招募了患有尿毒症瘙痒的血液透析患者，并将其随机分为三组：实验组 1（冷婴儿油治疗；n=30）、实验组 2（常温婴儿油治疗；n=31）和对照组（仅常规护理；n=32）。实验组 1 和实验组 2 的患者分别接受冷/常温婴儿油治疗，每天至少 15 分钟，持续 3 周。对照组除常规护理外不进行任何干预。数据收集包括人口统计学数据和瘙痒严重程度。还回顾了病历。
本研究受试者的基线特征如下：59%为男性，平均年龄 61.88（SD 12.7）岁，血液透析平均时间为 5.31 年，尿毒症瘙痒平均时间为 40.58（SD 37.8）个月，尿毒症瘙痒平均强度为轻度。与接受常规护理的患者相比，接受冷/常温婴儿油治疗的患者止痒效果明显更大。实验组 1 和实验组 2 之间的止痒效果无显著差异。
本研究证实，对于缓解血液透析患者的瘙痒，冷/常温婴儿油与保湿乳液和冷却舒缓剂一样有效。
在血液透析患者中，涂抹婴儿油是一种简单、安全、经济且易于实施的止痒方法。通过预防或减少尿毒症瘙痒，婴儿油治疗也可能改善该患者群体的生活质量。
