Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China.
BMC Nephrol. 2011 Nov 17;12:62. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-12-62.
Previous study indicated a high prevalence of ocular fundus pathology among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the relationship between them has never been explored in a Chinese Population.
This cross-sectional study included 9 670 participants enrolled in a medical screening program. Ocular fundus examination was performed by ophthalmologists using ophthalmoscopes. The presence of eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and/or proteinuria was defined as CKD.
Compared to participants without CKD, participants with CKD had higher prevalence of retinopathy (28.5% vs. 16.3%, P < 0.001), glaucoma suspect (3.1% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.004), age-related macular degeneration (1.7% vs. 0.9%, P = 0.01) and overall eye pathology (32.0% vs. 19.4%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratio of proteinuria for overall eye pathology and retinopathy was 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-1.55) and 1.37 (95% CI 1.12-1.67), respectively. The results were robust after excluding participants with hypertension or with diabetes.
Ocular fundus pathology is common among Chinese patients with CKD. Regular eye exam among persons with proteinuria is warranted.
先前的研究表明，慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者的眼部眼底病变患病率较高，而在中国人中尚未对其二者之间的关系进行探讨。
本横断面研究纳入了参加医学筛查计划的 9670 名参与者。眼科医生使用检眼镜对眼部进行眼底检查。定义 eGFR 低于 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 和/或蛋白尿为 CKD。
与无 CKD 的参与者相比，有 CKD 的参与者的视网膜病变（28.5% vs. 16.3%，P < 0.001）、疑似青光眼（3.1% vs. 1.8%，P = 0.004）、年龄相关性黄斑变性（1.7% vs. 0.9%，P = 0.01）和总体眼部病变（32.0% vs. 19.4%，P < 0.001）的患病率更高。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，蛋白尿患者的总体眼部病变和视网膜病变的比值比分别为 1.29（95%置信区间 [CI] 1.07-1.55）和 1.37（95% CI 1.12-1.67）。排除高血压或糖尿病患者后，结果仍然稳健。
眼部眼底病变在有 CKD 的中国患者中较为常见。对于有蛋白尿的人，应定期进行眼部检查。
