Department of Community Health Sciences, Brock University, St Catharines, ON, Canada.
Res Dev Disabil. 2012 Jan-Feb;33(1):251-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.09.013. Epub 2011 Oct 11.
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by poor motor skills leading to a significant impairment in activities of daily living. Compared to typically developing children, those with DCD are less fit and physically active, and have increased body fat. This is an important consequence as both sedentary lifestyle and obesity are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. One indicator of cardiovascular health is baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), which is a measure of short term blood pressure (BP) regulation and is partly accomplished through changes in heart rate. Diminished BRS is predictive of future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to compare BRS in typically developing (TD) adolescents with probable DCD (pDCD) or suspect pDCD (spDCD) adolescents (13-14 years of age). Percentile scores on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd edition, assessed at two time points were averaged and used to classify participants into the following groups: pDCD ≤ 5th percentile, spDCD > 5th percentile and ≤16th percentile and TD>16th percentile. Following 15 min of supine rest, 5 min of continuous beat-by-beat blood pressure (Finapres) and R-R interval were recorded (standard ECG). Spectral indices were computed using Fast Fourier Transform with transfer function analysis used to compute BRS in the low frequency region (0.04-0.15 Hz). BRS was compared between groups with an ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni correction. BRS was reduced in the pDCD compared to the TD groups. In multivariate regression analyses predicting BRS, when pDCD and spDCD were entered as the only variables, pDCD was found to be a significant predictor of BRS (b=-6.74, p=0.016). However, when sex, VO(2) peak, and percent body fat (PBF) were entered as covariates, pDCD was no longer a predictor, while PBF approached significance (-0.32, p=0.056). Therefore, in this sample, BRS was reduced in adolescents with pDCD principally due to increased PBF.
发展性协调障碍（DCD）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是运动技能差，导致日常生活活动能力显著受损。与正常发育的儿童相比，DCD 儿童的身体适应性和身体活动能力较差，体脂增加。这是一个重要的后果，因为久坐的生活方式和肥胖都是心血管疾病的危险因素。心血管健康的一个指标是血压反射敏感性（BRS），它是衡量短期血压调节的指标，部分通过心率变化来实现。BRS 降低可预测未来心血管发病率和死亡率。本研究的目的是比较典型发育（TD）青少年与可能的 DCD（pDCD）或可疑 pDCD（spDCD）青少年（13-14 岁）的 BRS。在两个时间点评估的儿童运动评估电池 2 版的百分位数评分进行平均，并用于将参与者分为以下组：pDCD≤第 5 百分位数，spDCD>第 5 百分位数和≤第 16 百分位，以及 TD>第 16 百分位。在仰卧休息 15 分钟后，连续记录 5 分钟的连续逐拍血压（Finapres）和 R-R 间隔（标准 ECG）。使用快速傅里叶变换计算频谱指数，并使用传递函数分析计算低频区（0.04-0.15 Hz）的 BRS。使用方差分析和事后 Bonferroni 校正比较组间 BRS。与 TD 组相比，pDCD 组的 BRS 降低。在多元回归分析中，当仅将 pDCD 和 spDCD 作为唯一变量时，pDCD 被发现是 BRS 的显著预测因子（b=-6.74，p=0.016）。然而，当将性别、最大摄氧量峰值和体脂百分比（PBF）作为协变量时，pDCD 不再是预测因子，而 PBF 接近显著性（-0.32，p=0.056）。因此，在本样本中，pDCD 青少年的 BRS 降低主要是由于 PBF 增加。
