Gama Daniel T, Ferracioli-Gama Marcela C, Barela José A, Takahashi Anielle C M, Pellegrini Ana Maria, Hiraga Cynthia Y
Faculty of Education, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
Heliyon. 2021 Jan 30;7(1):e06111. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06111. eCollection 2021 Jan.
Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are known to have poor physical fitness and psychosocial problems. The autonomous nervous system (ANS) plays an essential role in the regulation of human neurophysiological processes. Inadequate ANS modulation has been associated with harmful health conditions such as poor aerobic power, high body mass index, and symptoms of stress and anxiety. Modulation of ANS in children with DCD needs to be further investigated taking into consideration variables that may influence its function. For instance, would the level of physical fitness or the symptoms of stress and anxiety affect the ANS modulation of children with DCD?
To examine the ANS modulation during supine and standing postures, and stress/anxiety with questionnaire data from children with probable-DCD (p-DCD).
and procedures: Thirty children, 8-12 years old, composed two groups paired by age, gender, peak volume of oxygen uptake (aerobic power), and body mass index (BMI): p-DCD (9 boys, mean age 10.8 y) and typically developing (TD). Both groups were compared for stress/anxiety assessment by questionnaire and spectral, symbolic, and complexity heart rate variability (HRV) analyses during posture changes.
p-DCD group showed higher stress symptoms than TD group for stress/anxiety assessment in the questionnaire's data, but HRV analyses showed no differences between the two groups. Both groups showed parasympathetic prevalence during supine posture and sympathetic prevalence during standing posture.
Children with p-DCD had similar autonomic control function as TD children during posture change (supine to standing). Symptoms of stress and anxiety demonstrated by p-DCD did not impact their ANS modulation. These results indicate that aerobic power and BMI are probable protective factors of ANS modulation for these children.
已知患有发育性协调障碍（DCD）的儿童身体素质较差且存在心理社会问题。自主神经系统（ANS）在人类神经生理过程的调节中起着至关重要的作用。自主神经系统调节不足与有害健康状况相关，如有氧能力差、高体重指数以及压力和焦虑症状。考虑到可能影响其功能的变量，需要进一步研究DCD儿童的自主神经系统调节情况。例如，身体素质水平或压力和焦虑症状会影响DCD儿童的自主神经系统调节吗？
通过对可能患有DCD（p-DCD）儿童的问卷调查数据，研究仰卧位和站立位时的自主神经系统调节以及压力/焦虑情况。
30名8至12岁的儿童按年龄、性别、最大摄氧量峰值（有氧能力）和体重指数（BMI）配对组成两组：p-DCD组（9名男孩，平均年龄10.8岁）和发育正常（TD）组。在姿势变化期间，通过问卷调查评估两组的压力/焦虑情况，并进行频谱、符号和复杂性心率变异性（HRV）分析。
在问卷调查数据的压力/焦虑评估中，p-DCD组的压力症状高于TD组，但HRV分析显示两组之间没有差异。两组在仰卧位时均表现出副交感神经占优势，在站立位时交感神经占优势。
在姿势变化（仰卧位到站立位）期间，p-DCD儿童与TD儿童具有相似的自主控制功能。p-DCD儿童表现出的压力和焦虑症状并未影响其自主神经系统调节。这些结果表明，有氧能力和BMI可能是这些儿童自主神经系统调节的保护因素。
