Laun Peter, Büttner Sabrina, Rinnerthaler Mark, Burhans William C, Breitenbach Michael
Division of Genetics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria,
Subcell Biochem. 2012;57:207-32. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-2561-4_10.
A concerted balance between proliferation and apoptosis is essential to the survival of multicellular organisms. Thus, apoptosis per se, although it is a destructive process leading to the death of single cells, also serves as a pro-survival mechanism pro-survival mechanism that ensures healthy organismal development and acts as a life-prolonging or anti-aging anti-aging program. The discovery that yeast also possess a functional and, in many cases, highly conserved apoptotic machinery has made it possible to study the relationships between aging and apoptosis in depth using a well-established genetic system and the powerful tools available to yeast researchers for investigating complex physiological and cytological interactions. The aging process of yeast, be it replicative replicative or chronological chronological aging, is closely related to apoptosis, although it remains unclear whether apoptosis is a causal feature of the aging process or vice versa. Nevertheless, experimental results obtained during the past several years clearly demonstrate that yeast serve as a powerful and versatile experimental system for understanding the interconnections between these two fundamentally important cellular and physiological pathways.
细胞增殖与凋亡之间的协同平衡对于多细胞生物的生存至关重要。因此，细胞凋亡本身虽然是一个导致单个细胞死亡的破坏性过程，但它也是一种促生存机制，可确保生物体健康发育，并作为一种延长寿命或抗衰老的程序。酵母也拥有功能性且在许多情况下高度保守的凋亡机制，这一发现使得利用成熟的遗传系统以及酵母研究人员可用于研究复杂生理和细胞学相互作用的强大工具，深入研究衰老与凋亡之间的关系成为可能。酵母的衰老过程，无论是复制性衰老还是时序性衰老，都与细胞凋亡密切相关，尽管目前尚不清楚细胞凋亡是衰老过程的因果特征，还是反之亦然。然而，过去几年获得的实验结果清楚地表明，酵母是理解这两条根本重要的细胞和生理途径之间相互联系的强大且通用的实验系统。
