Wagner Christof, Aytac Sara, Hänsch G Maria
Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Int J Artif Organs. 2011 Sep;34(9):811-7. doi: 10.5301/ijao.5000061.
Bacterial biofilm formation on prostheses or devices used for osteosynthesis is increasingly recognized as cause of persistent infections, an entity known as implant-associated posttraumatic osteomyelitis. Biofilm formation is a very complex, multistep process with adhesion as the first and decisive step. The most prevalent pathogens found are staphylococci species, especially S. aureus, presumably due to a preference to non-biological materials, such as metal. Adherence is influenced by several factors, including the microenvironment, in which blood proteins from serum or plasma might influence adhesion and maybe biofilm formation. The aim of the present study was to test and to compare adherence of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa to different biological and non-biological surfaces in vitro. The question was addressed if coating of the surface by plasma or serum proteins influences bacterial adherence.
Adherence of radiolabeled bacteria to different surfaces in the presence or absence or serum/plasma proteins was measured over time.
When testing adherence of S. aureus to plastic, titanium or to monolayers of epithelial cells (A549) or fibroblasts (Colo800) a clear-cut preference for non-biological surfaces, especially for titanium was seen. Using P. aeruginosa species a similar pattern without a significant difference was revealed. When mimicking the in vivo situation by pre-coating of titanium with human serum or plasma adherence was increased, especially when titanium was coated ("opsonized") by plasma.
Bacterial adherence to surfaces is determined by a variety of factors such as temperature, the presence of nutrients, the absence of host defense systems and the configuration of the covered surface. In vivo, adherence to non-biological surfaces is also influenced by the microenvironment, especially plasma proteins, promoting biofilm formation.
越来越多的人认识到，用于骨合成的假体或装置上形成细菌生物膜是持续性感染的原因，这一实体被称为植入物相关创伤后骨髓炎。生物膜形成是一个非常复杂的多步骤过程，黏附是第一步也是决定性步骤。最常见的病原体是葡萄球菌属，尤其是金黄色葡萄球菌，可能是因为其偏好非生物材料，如金属。黏附受多种因素影响，包括微环境，血清或血浆中的血液蛋白可能会影响黏附，甚至可能影响生物膜形成。本研究的目的是在体外测试和比较金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌对不同生物和非生物表面的黏附情况。研究的问题是血浆或血清蛋白对表面的包被是否会影响细菌黏附。
在有或无血清/血浆蛋白存在的情况下，测量放射性标记细菌随时间对不同表面的黏附情况。
在测试金黄色葡萄球菌对塑料、钛或上皮细胞（A549）或成纤维细胞（Colo800）单层的黏附时，发现其明显偏好非生物表面，尤其是钛。使用铜绿假单胞菌时也呈现出类似模式，但无显著差异。当用人血清或血浆预包被钛以模拟体内情况时，黏附增加，尤其是当钛被血浆“调理”包被时。
细菌对表面的黏附由多种因素决定，如温度、营养物质的存在、宿主防御系统的缺失以及被覆盖表面的结构。在体内，对非生物表面的黏附也受微环境影响，尤其是血浆蛋白，会促进生物膜形成。
