Romanò C L, De Vecchi E, Bortolin M, Morelli I, Drago L
Department of Reconstructive Surgery of Osteo-articular Infections C.R.I.O. Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milano, Italy.
Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy.
J Bone Jt Infect. 2017 Jan 1;2(1):63-72. doi: 10.7150/jbji.17705. eCollection 2017.
Living in biofilms is probably the most common condition for bacteria and fungi and biofilm-related infections account for the majority of bacterial infectious diseases worldwide. Among others biofilm-related infections, those associated with implanted biomaterials have an enormous and still largely underestimated impact in orthopaedics and trauma, cardio-surgery and several other surgical disciplines. Given the limited efficacy of existing antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of bacterial biofilms, new strategies are needed to protect implants and host tissues, overcoming the striking ability of the microorganisms to adhere on different surfaces and to immediately protect themselves by forming the biofilm matrix. Adhesion is a necessary first step in microbial colonization and pathogenesis and provides a potential target for new preventive and treatment approach. Among various polymers, tested as antibacterial coatings, hyaluronic acid and some of its composites do offer a well-established long-term safety profile and a proven ability to reduce bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Aim of the present review is to summarize the available evidence concerning the antiadhesion/antibiofilm activity of hyaluronic acid and some of its derivatives to reduce/prevent bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation in various experimental and clinical settings.
生活在生物膜中可能是细菌和真菌最常见的生存状态，与生物膜相关的感染占全球细菌性传染病的大多数。在其他与生物膜相关的感染中，与植入生物材料相关的感染在骨科和创伤科、心脏外科及其他几个外科领域有着巨大且仍在很大程度上被低估的影响。鉴于现有抗生素在预防和治疗细菌生物膜方面效果有限，需要新的策略来保护植入物和宿主组织，克服微生物在不同表面上粘附并通过形成生物膜基质立即自我保护的显著能力。粘附是微生物定植和发病机制中必要的第一步，为新的预防和治疗方法提供了潜在靶点。在作为抗菌涂层进行测试的各种聚合物中，透明质酸及其一些复合材料确实具有公认的长期安全性，并有已证实的减少细菌粘附和生物膜形成的能力。本综述的目的是总结关于透明质酸及其一些衍生物在各种实验和临床环境中减少/预防细菌粘附和生物膜形成的抗粘附/抗生物膜活性的现有证据。
