Rayman Russell B
Aerospace Medical, PLC, Alexandria, VA, USA. USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2011 Nov;82(11):1061-3. doi: 10.3357/asem.3107.2011.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal disorder diagnosed in accordance with the Rome III criteria. The pathophysiology of this illness is not well defined and there are no known structural abnormalities, biomedical markers, nor inflammatory causes to explain the symptoms. There are a number of serious illnesses, such as colon cancer, ulcerative colitis, and celiac disease that mimic IBS. If the Rome III criteria are satisfied and there are no alarm features of more serious illness, an in-depth workup is not necessary. There are numerous treatment regimens for IBS, none of which are curative nor offer universal relief. Some of the treatment regimens, such as antispasmodics and antidiarrheals, are not suitable for aviators because of anticholinergic effects and sedation. The aeromedical disposition decision is always challenging because of the vagaries of this illness. In general, a more liberal policy for pilots in civil aviation would be in order as long as symptoms are not frequent nor severe and not requiring antispasmodics or antidiarrheals while flying. A more conservative policy is in order for military pilots, possibly requiring restriction to multiseat aircraft.
肠易激综合征（IBS）是一种根据罗马III标准诊断的胃肠道疾病。这种疾病的病理生理学尚未明确界定，也没有已知的结构异常、生物医学标志物或炎症原因来解释其症状。有许多严重疾病，如结肠癌、溃疡性结肠炎和乳糜泻，其症状与肠易激综合征相似。如果符合罗马III标准且没有更严重疾病的警示特征，则无需进行深入检查。肠易激综合征有多种治疗方案，但没有一种是治愈性的，也不能提供全面的缓解。一些治疗方案，如解痉药和止泻药，由于抗胆碱能作用和镇静作用，不适合飞行员使用。由于这种疾病的多变性，航空医学处置决定总是具有挑战性。一般来说，只要症状不频繁、不严重，且飞行时不需要使用解痉药或止泻药，对民航飞行员采取更宽松的政策是合适的。对军事飞行员则应采取更保守的政策，可能需要限制其驾驶多座飞机。
