Kubal Wayne S
Department of Radiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2012 Jan;50(1):15-41. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2011.08.010.
Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) play important roles in the evaluation of traumatic brain injury. Modern CT scanners allow for rapid and accurate diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage and mass effect and allow the efficient implementation of emergent CT angiography. Newer sequences, such as gradient recalled echo, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging, can provide greater sensitivity for specific types of diffuse posttraumatic brain injury. MR spectroscopy can provide additional chemical information, and diffusion tensor imaging can provide information about white matter injury. Patient treatment can be optimized using the diagnostic and prognostic information derived from current imaging techniques.
计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MR）在创伤性脑损伤的评估中发挥着重要作用。现代CT扫描仪能够快速、准确地诊断颅内出血和占位效应，并能高效地实施急诊CT血管造影。更新的序列，如梯度回波、磁敏感加权成像和扩散加权成像，对特定类型的弥漫性创伤后脑损伤具有更高的敏感性。磁共振波谱可以提供额外的化学信息，而扩散张量成像可以提供有关白质损伤的信息。利用当前成像技术获得的诊断和预后信息，可以优化患者的治疗。
