Department of Nutrition Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Blvd., Webb 415, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA.
Appetite. 2012 Feb;58(1):347-53. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.005. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
Parental feeding practices have been associated with children's weight status, but results have been inconsistent across populations. Research is needed to elucidate the relationship between parental feeding practices and adiposity in diverse populations. The present study tested if: (1) parental feeding practices differed by race/ethnicity, (2) parental pressure to eat and parental restriction were associated with adiposity levels, and (3) to investigate the relationship between parental feeding practices and/or child adiposity with socioeconomic status (SES). Structural equations modeling was conducted to test the model in 267 children aged 7-12 years self-identified as African American (AA), European American (EA), or Hispanic American (HA) from economically diverse backgrounds. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography scanning were used to determine body composition and abdominal fat distribution, respectively. Parental restriction was a significant predictor of child adiposity while parental pressure to eat had an inverse relationship with child adiposity. HA parents reported significantly higher levels of restriction and pressure to eat, whereas EA parents reported the lowest. SES was positively associated with child adiposity and inversely related to parental restriction and pressure to eat. Thus, parental feeding practices differ across racial/ethnic groups and SES and may contribute to population differences in child adiposity.
父母的喂养方式与儿童的体重状况有关，但在不同人群中的结果不一致。需要研究来阐明父母喂养方式与不同人群中肥胖的关系。本研究旨在检验以下假设：（1）父母的喂养方式是否因种族/民族而异；（2）父母的进食压力和父母的限制与肥胖程度有关；（3）探讨父母喂养方式和/或儿童肥胖与社会经济地位（SES）的关系。采用结构方程模型对来自经济背景多样化的 267 名 7-12 岁的自我认定为非裔美国人（AA）、欧裔美国人（EA）或西班牙裔美国人（HA）的儿童进行了模型测试。双能 X 射线吸收法和计算机断层扫描分别用于确定身体成分和腹部脂肪分布。父母的限制是儿童肥胖的一个重要预测因素，而父母的进食压力与儿童肥胖呈负相关。与 EA 父母相比，HA 父母报告的限制和进食压力更高，而 EA 父母报告的限制和进食压力最低。SES 与儿童肥胖呈正相关，与父母的限制和进食压力呈负相关。因此，父母的喂养方式因种族/民族和 SES 而异，可能导致儿童肥胖的人群差异。
