United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Water Management Research Unit, Parlier, CA, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2012 May;68(5):773-80. doi: 10.1002/ps.2325. Epub 2011 Nov 18.
Many California grape growers use preplant fumigation to ensure uniform and healthy grapevine establishment in replant situations. A field study was conducted to evaluate the performance of subsurface drip-applied chemical alternatives to methyl bromide on plant-parasitic nematodes, plant vigor and fruit yield during the 6 year period following replanting.
Subsurface drip fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin and with iodomethane plus chloropicrin had generally similar nematicide activity as methyl bromide in three grape types, while sodium azide was less effective. The combination of 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin enhanced vine vigor similarly to methyl bromide. However, all plots treated with alternative fumigants produced less fruit yield than methyl bromide over the 4 years of evaluation.
Subsurface drip fumigation with alternative chemicals to methyl bromide generally provided adequate management of plant-parasitic nematodes during the vine establishment period. However, further research is required to increase the performance of alternative chemicals against other components of the replant problem, as grape yield in vines grown in the alternative treatments was lower than in methyl bromide.
许多加利福尼亚葡萄种植者在重植情况下使用定植前熏蒸来确保葡萄藤的均匀和健康定植。进行了一项田间研究，以评估在重新种植后的 6 年期间，地下滴灌施用的替代甲基溴的化学物质对寄生性线虫、植物活力和果实产量的性能。
在三种葡萄类型中，1,3-二氯丙烯加氯化苦和碘甲烷加氯化苦的地下滴灌熏蒸与甲基溴具有相似的杀线虫活性，而叠氮化钠的效果较差。1,3-二氯丙烯加氯化苦的组合与甲基溴相似，增强了葡萄藤的活力。然而，在 4 年的评估中，所有用替代熏蒸剂处理的地块的果实产量都低于甲基溴。
地下滴灌用替代甲基溴的化学物质熏蒸通常在葡萄藤定植期间提供了对寄生性线虫的充分管理。然而，需要进一步的研究来提高替代化学物质对重植问题其他成分的性能，因为在替代处理中生长的葡萄藤的产量低于甲基溴。
