Laboratory of Nuclear and Genomic Health, Centre of Cell and Chromosome Biology, Biosciences, School of Health Sciences and Social Care, Brunel University, Uxbridge, London UB8 3PH, UK.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2011 Dec;39(6):1747-51. doi: 10.1042/BST20110696.
There are an increasing number of studies reporting the movement of gene loci and whole chromosomes to new compartments within interphase nuclei. Some of the movements can be rapid, with relocation of parts of the genome within less than 15 min over a number of microns. Some of these studies have also revealed that the activity of motor proteins such as actin and myosin are responsible for these long-range movements of chromatin. Within the nuclear biology field, there remains some controversy over the presence of an active nuclear acto-myosin motor in interphase nuclei. However, both actin and myosin isoforms are localized to the nucleus, and there is a requirement for rapid and directed movements of genes and whole chromosomes and evidence for the involvement of motor proteins in this relocation. The presence of nuclear motors for chromatin movement is thus an important and timely debate to have.
越来越多的研究报告称，基因座和整条染色体在间期核内的新隔室中移动。有些运动速度很快，基因组的一部分在数微米内不到 15 分钟就重新定位。其中一些研究还表明，肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白等运动蛋白的活性负责染色质的这种长距离运动。在核生物学领域，关于间期核中是否存在活跃的核肌动球蛋白马达仍存在一些争议。然而，肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白同工型都定位于细胞核，并且需要快速和定向的基因和整条染色体的运动，并有证据表明运动蛋白参与了这种重定位。因此，染色质运动的核马达的存在是一个重要而及时的争论点。
