巴基斯坦拉合尔的医疗保健专业人员对自闭症的认识和态度调查。
A survey of Autism knowledge and attitudes among the healthcare professionals in Lahore, Pakistan.
机构信息
Child & Family Psychiatry Department, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2011 Nov 22;11:107. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-11-107.
BACKGROUND
The diagnosis and treatment of Autism in Pakistan occurs in multiple settings and is provided by variety of health professionals. Unfortunately, knowledge and awareness about Autism is low among Pakistani healthcare professionals & the presence of inaccurate and outdated beliefs regarding this disorder may compromise early detection and timely referral for interventions. The study assessed the baseline knowledge and misconceptions regarding autism among healthcare professionals in Pakistan which can impact future awareness campaigns.
METHODS
Physicians (psychiatrists, pediatricians, neurologists and family physicians) and non-physicians (psychologists and speech therapists) participated in this study. Knowledge of DSM-IV TR criteria for Autistic Disorder, beliefs about social, emotional, cognitive, treatment and prognosis of the disorder were assessed. Demographic information regarding the participants of the survey was also gathered.
RESULTS
Two hundred and forty seven respondents (154 Physicians & 93 Non-physicians) participated in the study. Mean age of respondents was 33.2 years (S.D 11.63) with 53% being females. Reasonably accurate familiarity with the DSM IV-TR diagnostic criteria of Autistic Disorder was observed. However, within the professional groups, differences were found regarding the utilization of the DSM-IV-TR criteria when diagnosing Autistic Disorder. Non-Physicians were comparatively more likely to correctly identify diagnostic features of autism compared with Physicians (P-value<0.001). Significant misunderstandings of some of the salient features of autism were present in both professional groups.
CONCLUSION
Results suggests that current professionals in the field have an unbalanced understanding of autism due to presence of several misconceptions regarding many of the salient features of autism including developmental, cognitive and emotional features. The study has clinical implications and calls for continued education for healthcare professionals across disciplines with regards to Autism in Pakistan.
背景
在巴基斯坦，自闭症的诊断和治疗发生在多个环境中，由各种卫生专业人员提供。不幸的是，巴基斯坦医疗保健专业人员对自闭症的了解和认识程度较低，并且存在不准确和过时的观念，这可能会影响自闭症的早期发现和及时转介进行干预。本研究评估了巴基斯坦医疗保健专业人员对自闭症的基本知识和误解，这些误解可能会影响未来的提高认识运动。
方法
参与这项研究的有医生（精神病医生、儿科医生、神经科医生和家庭医生）和非医生（心理学家和言语治疗师）。评估了他们对《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》（DSM-IV-TR）自闭症诊断标准、对自闭症的社会、情感、认知、治疗和预后的信念的了解。还收集了关于调查参与者的人口统计信息。
结果
247 名受访者（154 名医生和 93 名非医生）参加了这项研究。受访者的平均年龄为 33.2 岁（标准差为 11.63），其中 53%为女性。他们对 DSM-IV-TR 自闭症诊断标准的熟悉程度相当准确。然而，在专业群体中，在使用 DSM-IV-TR 标准诊断自闭症时，存在差异。非医生比医生更有可能正确识别自闭症的诊断特征（P 值<0.001）。在两个专业群体中，都存在对自闭症的一些重要特征的误解。
结论
结果表明，由于对自闭症的许多重要特征存在多种误解，包括发育、认知和情感特征，目前该领域的专业人员对自闭症的理解不平衡。这项研究具有临床意义，并呼吁巴基斯坦各学科的医疗保健专业人员继续接受自闭症教育。
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