Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2010;3:91-108. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S13814. Epub 2010 Oct 19.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious psychiatric illness associated with significant medical and psychiatric morbidity, psychosocial impairment, increased risk of death, and chronicity. Given the severity of the disorder, the establishment of safe and effective treatments is necessary. Several treatments have been tried in AN, but few favorable results have emerged. This paper reviews randomized controlled trials in AN, and provides a synthesis of existing data regarding the efficacy, safety, and adherence associated with pharmacologic and psychological interventions. Randomized controlled trials for the treatment of AN published in peer-reviewed journals were identified by electronic and manual searches. Overall, pharmacotherapy has limited benefits in the treatment of AN, with some promising preliminary findings associated with olanzapine, an antipsychotic agent. No single psychological intervention has demonstrated clear superiority in treating adults with AN. In adolescents with AN, the evidence base is strongest for the use of family therapy over alternative individual psychotherapies. Results highlight challenges in both treating individuals with AN and in studying the effects of those treatments, and further emphasize the importance of continued efforts to develop novel interventions. Treatment trials currently underway and areas for future research are discussed.
神经性厌食症（AN）是一种严重的精神疾病，与显著的医疗和精神发病率、心理社会障碍、死亡风险增加和慢性化有关。鉴于该疾病的严重性，有必要建立安全有效的治疗方法。已经尝试了几种治疗 AN 的方法，但很少有有利的结果出现。本文综述了 AN 的随机对照试验，并综合了关于药物和心理干预相关疗效、安全性和依从性的现有数据。通过电子和手动搜索，确定了在同行评议期刊上发表的治疗 AN 的随机对照试验。总的来说，药物治疗在治疗 AN 方面的益处有限，一些有希望的初步发现与奥氮平（一种抗精神病药物）有关。没有单一的心理干预措施在治疗成人 AN 方面表现出明显的优势。对于患有 AN 的青少年，家庭治疗比其他个体心理治疗更有优势，这方面的证据最强。结果强调了治疗 AN 个体和研究这些治疗效果所面临的挑战，并进一步强调了继续努力开发新干预措施的重要性。目前正在进行的治疗试验和未来研究的领域进行了讨论。
