Department of Nephrology, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital Aalborg, Denmark.
Front Physiol. 2011 Nov 16;2:84. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2011.00084. eCollection 2011.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may modulate autonomic control of the heart because omega-3 PUFA is abundant in the brain and other nervous tissue as well as in cardiac tissue. This might partly explain why omega-3 PUFA offer some protection against sudden cardiac death (SCD). The autonomic nervous system is involved in the pathogenesis of SCD. Heart rate variability (HRV) can be used as a non-invasive marker of cardiac autonomic control and a low HRV is a predictor for SCD and arrhythmic events. Studies on HRV and omega-3 PUFA have been performed in several populations such as patients with ischemic heart disease, patients with diabetes mellitus, patients with chronic renal failure, and in healthy subjects as well as in children. The studies have demonstrated a positive association between cellular content of omega-3 PUFA and HRV and supplementation with omega-3 PUFA seems to increase HRV which could be a possible explanation for decreased risk of arrhythmic events and SCD sometimes observed after omega-3 PUFA supplementation. However, the results are not consistent and further research is needed.
ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）可能调节心脏的自主控制，因为 ω-3 PUFA 在大脑和其他神经组织以及心脏组织中含量丰富。这可能部分解释了为什么 ω-3 PUFA 能提供一些预防心源性猝死（SCD）的保护。自主神经系统参与 SCD 的发病机制。心率变异性（HRV）可作为心脏自主控制的非侵入性标志物，而低 HRV 是 SCD 和心律失常事件的预测指标。已经在多个人群中进行了关于 HRV 和 ω-3 PUFA 的研究，例如缺血性心脏病患者、糖尿病患者、慢性肾衰竭患者以及健康受试者以及儿童。这些研究表明，ω-3 PUFA 的细胞含量与 HRV 之间存在正相关，ω-3 PUFA 的补充似乎增加了 HRV，这可能是补充 ω-3 PUFA 后有时观察到心律失常事件和 SCD 风险降低的一个可能解释。然而，结果并不一致，需要进一步研究。
