Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2012 Jun;90(4):299-309. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02179.x. Epub 2011 Nov 23.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is attributed to a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. It is characterized by degeneration involving the retinal photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Bruch's membrane, as well as alterations in choroidal capillaries. AMD pathogenesis is strongly associated with chronic oxidative stress and inflammation that ultimately lead to protein damage, aggregation and degeneration of RPE. Specific degenerative findings for AMD are accumulation of intracellular lysosomal lipofuscin and extracellular drusens. In this review, we discuss thoroughly RPE-derived mechanisms in AMD pathology.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是由遗传和环境因素复杂相互作用引起的。其特征是视网膜光感受器、视网膜色素上皮（RPE）和布鲁赫膜的退行性变，以及脉络膜毛细血管的改变。AMD 的发病机制与慢性氧化应激和炎症密切相关，最终导致 RPE 蛋白损伤、聚集和变性。AMD 的特定退行性发现是细胞内溶酶体脂褐素的积累和细胞外 drusens 的积累。在这篇综述中，我们深入讨论了 RPE 来源的 AMD 病理学机制。
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