School of Life Sciences, University of Skövde.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2011;4:29-39. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S17330. Epub 2011 Mar 22.
Pregnancy has different meanings to different women depending upon their circumstances. A number of qualitative studies have described the experience of miscarriage by women who had desired to carry their pregnancy to full term. The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify a scale of psychological reaction to miscarriage. Meta-analysis is a quantitative approach for reviewing articles from scientific journals through statistical analysis of findings from individual studies. In this review, a meta-analytic method was used to identify and analyze psychological reactions in women who have suffered a miscarriage. Different reactions to stress associated with the period following miscarriage were identified. The depression reaction had the highest average, weighted, unbiased estimate of effect (d(+) = 0.99) and was frequently associated with the experience of perinatal loss. Psychiatric morbidity was found after miscarriage in 27% of cases by a diagnostic interview ten days after miscarriage. The grief reaction had a medium d(+) of 0.56 in the studies included. However, grief after miscarriage differed from other types of grief after perinatal loss because the parents had no focus for their grief. The guilt is greater after miscarriage than after other types of perinatal loss. Measurement of the stress reaction and anxiety reaction seems to be difficult in the included studies, as evidenced by a low d(+) (0.17 and 0.16, respectively). It has been recommended that grief after perinatal loss be measured by an adapted instrument called the Perinatal Grief Scale Short Version.
妊娠对不同的女性有不同的意义，具体取决于她们的情况。一些定性研究描述了那些希望将妊娠持续到足月的女性经历流产的情况。本荟萃分析的目的是确定流产后心理反应的量表。荟萃分析是一种通过对来自个体研究的发现进行统计分析来审查科学期刊文章的定量方法。在本次综述中，采用荟萃分析方法来识别和分析经历流产的女性的心理反应。确定了与流产后时期相关的不同应激反应。抑郁反应的平均加权无偏效应估计值最高（d(+) = 0.99），并且经常与围产期损失的经历相关。通过流产后 10 天的诊断性访谈，在 27%的病例中发现流产后出现精神疾病。纳入研究中，悲伤反应的 d(+)为 0.56。然而，流产后的悲伤与围产期损失后的其他类型的悲伤不同，因为父母没有悲伤的焦点。流产后的内疚感比其他类型的围产期损失后更强烈。纳入研究中，应激反应和焦虑反应的测量似乎很困难，这反映在 d(+)较低（分别为 0.17 和 0.16）。建议使用称为围产期悲伤量表短版的改良工具来测量围产期损失后的悲伤。
