Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro Apícola Regional, JCCM, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain.
Environ Microbiol. 2012 Apr;14(4):845-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02647.x. Epub 2011 Nov 28.
Microsporidiosis of adult honeybees caused by Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae is a common worldwide disease with negative impacts on colony strength and productivity. Few options are available to control the disease at present. The role of the queen in bee population renewal and the replacement of bee losses due to Nosema infection is vital to maintain colony homeostasis. Younger queens have a greater egg laying potential and they produce a greater proportion of uninfected newly eclosed bees to compensate for adult bee losses; hence, a field study was performed to determine the effect of induced queen replacement on Nosema infection in honey bee colonies, focusing on colony strength and honey production. In addition, the impact of long-term Nosema infection of a colony on the ovaries and ventriculus of the queen was evaluated. Queen replacement resulted in a remarkable decrease in the rates of Nosema infection, comparable with that induced by fumagillin treatment. However, detrimental effects on the overall colony state were observed due to the combined effects of stressors such as the queenless condition, lack of brood and high infection rates. The ovaries and ventriculi of queens in infected colonies revealed no signs of Nosema infection and there were no lesions in ovarioles or epithelial ventricular cells.
成年蜜蜂的微孢子虫病由蜜蜂微孢子虫和中华蜜蜂微孢子虫引起，是一种常见的世界性疾病，对蜂群的实力和生产力有负面影响。目前，控制这种疾病的方法很少。蜂王在蜂群更新和补充因感染微孢子虫而损失的蜜蜂方面起着至关重要的作用，以维持蜂群的体内平衡。年轻的蜂王产卵潜力更大，它们产生的未感染的新羽化蜜蜂比例更高，以弥补成年蜜蜂的损失；因此，进行了一项现场研究，以确定诱导蜂王更换对感染微孢子虫的蜜蜂群的影响，重点是蜂群的实力和蜂蜜产量。此外，还评估了长期感染微孢子虫对蜂王卵巢和嗉囊的影响。蜂王更换导致微孢子虫感染率显著下降，与使用灭滴灵处理相当。然而，由于蜂王失王、无幼虫和高感染率等压力源的综合影响，对整个蜂群状态造成了不利影响。感染蜂群的蜂王的卵巢和嗉囊没有微孢子虫感染的迹象，卵巢小管或上皮细胞没有病变。
