The human calvaria: a review of embryology, anatomy, pathology, and molecular development.

INTRODUCTION

The human skull is a complex structure that deserves continued study. Few studies have directed their attention to the development, pathology, and molecular formation of the human calvaria.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A review of the medical literature using standard search engines was performed to locate studies regarding the human calvaria.

RESULTS

The formation of the human calvaria is a complex interaction between bony and meningeal elements. Derailment of these interactions may result in deformation of this part of the skull.

CONCLUSIONS

Knowledge of the anatomy, formation, and pathology of the human calvaria will be of use to the clinician that treats skull diseases. With an increased understanding of genetic and molecular biology, treatment paradigms for calvarial issues may change.