Department of Medicine and Anesthesiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Crit Care Clin. 2012 Jan;28(1):1-10, v. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2011.10.003.
The main drivers of critical care medicine (CCM) costs are the numbers and use of intensive care unit (ICU) beds. The Russell equation, an indirect costing methodology, is most commonly used to estimate national CCM costs. Calculating national CCM costs in a standardized manner remains challenging because there is no universal approach to defining the types of hospitals, ICU beds, days, and billing codes to be included in the overall cost. Although numerous CCM cost-containment strategies have been proposed or implemented, CCM cost reduction remains elusive, and measuring cost remains challenging,given the complexities involved in assessing costs.
重症监护医学（CCM）成本的主要驱动因素是重症监护病房（ICU）床位的数量和使用情况。Russell 方程是一种间接成本核算方法，最常用于估算国家 CCM 成本。由于没有通用的方法来定义要包含在总成本中的医院类型、ICU 床位、天数和计费代码，因此以标准化的方式计算国家 CCM 成本仍然具有挑战性。尽管已经提出或实施了许多 CCM 成本控制策略，但鉴于评估成本所涉及的复杂性，CCM 成本降低仍然难以实现，衡量成本也具有挑战性。
