Borthakur Arijitt, Reddy Ravinder
Center for Magnetic Resonance & Optical Imaging, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6100, USA.
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2010 Oct;21(5):291-6. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0b013e31823dfe2e.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease that results in cartilage degeneration in the joints and is a disabling condition for millions of individuals. Poor sensitivity and specificity of standard diagnostic methods have relegated treatment options to mitigating pain or surgical replacement. The advent of disease-modifying drugs holds the potential for reversing the normal course of OA and rebuilding cartilage. To aid these therapies, novel magnetic resonance imaging-based tools are required for detecting subtle early changes in cartilage physiology due to OA that may provide improved diagnoses and clinical management of patients. Some of the techniques reviewed here such as T1ρ and T2 relaxometry, magnetization transfer, chemical exchange saturation transfer, and Na magnetic resonance imaging are all biomarkers of cartilage pathological diseases that are sensitive to early biochemical changes in the extracellular matrix of cartilage. These techniques have the potential to noninvasively detect early pathological changes with the goal of aiding clinical decision making as well as contributing to the development and evaluation of potential disease-modifying therapies.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种常见疾病，会导致关节软骨退变，对数百万患者来说是一种致残性病症。标准诊断方法的敏感性和特异性欠佳，使得治疗方案局限于缓解疼痛或手术置换。疾病修饰药物的出现有望逆转OA的正常病程并重建软骨。为辅助这些治疗，需要基于磁共振成像的新型工具来检测由于OA导致的软骨生理细微早期变化，这可能会改善患者的诊断和临床管理。这里所综述的一些技术，如T1ρ和T2弛豫测量、磁化转移、化学交换饱和转移以及钠磁共振成像，都是软骨病理疾病的生物标志物，对软骨细胞外基质的早期生化变化敏感。这些技术有潜力无创检测早期病理变化，目的是辅助临床决策，并促进潜在疾病修饰疗法的研发和评估。
