Nephrology Research Unit. Dr Negrín University Hospital Gran Canaria, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
Nefrologia. 2011;31(6):716-22. doi: 10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2011.Jul.10847.
The biological, physical and psychological burden of a chronic disease has an impact on the quality of life of people who suffer from it. The perception of quality of life is affected by psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression that have a high prevalence in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). These factors are also linked to lower life expectancy. It is therefore surprising that the psychological aspects of people with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) have received so little attention in the medical literature, despite their importance for the overall health of these patients. The relatively new discipline called psychonephrology provides a broader view of the impact that these aspects have on individuals with chronic kidney disease, with a consequent practical application. In this article, we examine the consequences and prevalence of psychological problems that can be related to CKD and ADPKD. Firstly, we will focus on the field of CKD and ADPKD within the scope of psychonephrology. Secondly, the article introduces the concept of quality of life as a basic pillar of health that is affected when a person is diagnosed with CKD. Thirdly, we will present a summary of the main research related to anxiety and depression disorders in CKD and ADPKD. The article will conclude by synthesising findings from the different lines of research undertaken.
慢性病的生理、物理和心理负担会影响患者的生活质量。生活质量的认知受到焦虑和抑郁等心理障碍的影响，这些障碍在慢性肾病（CKD）患者中发病率很高。这些因素也与预期寿命降低有关。令人惊讶的是，尽管自身显性多囊肾病（ADPKD）患者的心理方面对于这些患者的整体健康很重要，但在医学文献中却很少关注这些方面。一个名为精神肾病学的相对较新学科提供了一个更广泛的视角，了解这些方面对慢性肾病患者的影响，并随之产生了实际应用。在本文中，我们将研究与 CKD 和 ADPKD 相关的心理问题的后果和流行率。首先，我们将重点关注精神肾病学范围内的 CKD 和 ADPKD 领域。其次，本文介绍了生活质量作为一个人被诊断患有 CKD 时会受到影响的健康基本支柱的概念。第三，我们将总结与 CKD 和 ADPKD 中的焦虑和抑郁障碍相关的主要研究。最后，本文将综合不同研究领域的发现。
