Environmental Systems Analysis Lab, DPCI, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
J Fish Biol. 2011 Dec;79(6):1453-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.03139.x.
The changes in a marine community in the northern Adriatic Sea were explored over a period of 65 years using landings data from a commercial fishing fleet, and the role of fishing pressure and environmental variations in driving these changes was investigated. A total of 40 taxonomic categories, including one or several species, were analysed, representing 93·7% of the total landings. From 1945 to 2010 a significant decrease in the evenness index was observed, indicating a trend towards landings dominated by fewer taxa. The composition of the landings showed a temporal shift during the 1980s; from 1945 to the 1980s a continuous, clear change in composition took place, probably driven by an increase in fishing pressure as well as riverine nutrient inputs. Since the 1980s, a different trend of changing composition emerged. Among the analysed predictors, fishing capacity, summer seawater temperature, inflow from the Po River (the major river of the northern Adriatic Sea) and nutrients were related to the changes in landings. In relation to life-history traits of the landed species, the community shifted from large, late-maturing species to more fecund, smaller and earlier-maturing species. A high fishing pressure is probably the major cause of these changes, possibly acting synergistically with environmental variations.
在过去的 65 年中，利用商业捕鱼船队的渔获数据，研究了亚得里亚海北部海洋生物群落的变化，并探讨了捕捞压力和环境变化对这些变化的影响。总共分析了 40 个分类类别，包括一个或多个物种，占总渔获量的 93.7%。从 1945 年到 2010 年，均匀度指数显著下降，表明渔获物主要由较少的类群主导的趋势。渔获物的组成在 20 世纪 80 年代发生了时间上的变化；从 1945 年到 20 世纪 80 年代，组成发生了连续、明显的变化，可能是捕捞压力增加以及河流营养物质输入所致。自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，组成的变化呈现出不同的趋势。在所分析的预测因子中，捕捞能力、夏季海水温度、来自波河（亚得里亚海北部的主要河流）的流入和营养物质与渔获量的变化有关。就登陆物种的生活史特征而言，群落从大型、晚熟物种转变为更具繁殖力、更小、更早成熟的物种。高捕捞压力可能是这些变化的主要原因，可能与环境变化协同作用。
