Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, DAIS, University Ca' Foscari, Venice, Castello 2737b, 30122, Venice, Italy.
J Fish Biol. 2013 Oct;83(4):847-64. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12124. Epub 2013 May 31.
Within the context of global warming, the western coast of the northern Adriatic Sea can be regarded as an extremely vulnerable area. Owing to the local geographic features, this area has been described as the Venetian lacuna, where Mediterranean Sea climatic conditions are replaced by Atlantic Ocean ones, supporting the presence of glacial relicts, such as sprat Sprattus sprattus, flounder Platichthys flesus and brown shrimp Crangon crangon. Nektonic assemblage therefore represents a good candidate in terms of an early proxy for thermal regime alterations. It represents a dynamic component of the lagoon ecosystem, changing in space and time, actively moving through the entire system, and dynamically exchanging with the open sea. Here, the first signals of the change have been already detected, such as the presence of alien thermophilic species. Within this context, since the beginning of the century, sampling of the nektonic assemblage has been carried out, integrating them with landings data from the fish market. Vulnerabilities to thermal regime changes have been tested by (1) categorizing species according to the mean distribution area in terms of latitudinal range (over 45°, 30°-45° and below 30°), and (2) analysing both spatial and temporal variations within fishing grounds. Results indicated a high potential vulnerability of the artisanal fishery to climate change, as the commercial catch is entirely composed of species from cold (>45° N) and temperate (between 45° and 30° N) latitudes. At present no alien thermophilic species have been recorded within the lagoon, which is possibly a sign of good resilience of the assemblage. Finally, abundance of species from cold latitudes has decreased during the past decade. All of this has been discussed in the context of the mean annual temperature trend.
在全球变暖的背景下，亚得里亚海北部西海岸可以被视为一个极其脆弱的地区。由于当地的地理特征，该地区被描述为威尼斯裂隙，那里的地中海气候条件被大西洋气候条件所取代，支持了冰川遗迹的存在，如鲱鱼 Sprattus sprattus、欧鲽 Platichthys flesus 和褐虾 Crangon crangon。因此，洄游动物群是热态变化的早期替代指标的良好候选者。它是泻湖生态系统的一个动态组成部分，在空间和时间上发生变化，主动穿越整个系统，并与开阔海域进行动态交换。在这里，已经检测到了变化的第一个信号，例如外来嗜热物种的存在。在这种情况下，自本世纪初以来，已经对洄游动物群进行了采样，将其与鱼市的渔获量数据结合起来。通过以下方式测试对热态变化的脆弱性：（1）根据纬度范围（45°以上、30°-45°和 30°以下）将物种分类，（2）分析渔区的时空变化。结果表明，由于商业渔获物完全由来自寒冷（>45° N）和温带（45°和 30° N 之间）纬度的物种组成，因此，手工艺渔业对气候变化的潜在脆弱性很高。目前，泻湖内没有记录到外来嗜热物种，这可能是洄游动物群良好恢复力的迹象。最后，过去十年中来自寒冷纬度的物种数量减少了。所有这些都在年平均温度趋势的背景下进行了讨论。
