Gil Amnon, Nachum Zohar, Tal Dror, Shupak Avi
Motion Sickness and Human Performance Laboratory, The Israel Naval Medical, Institute, IDF Medical Corps, Haifa, Israel.
Clin Neuropharmacol. 2012 Jan-Feb;35(1):37-9. doi: 10.1097/WNF.0b013e31823dc125.
The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of transdermal scopolamine and cinnarizine in the prevention of seasickness and their adverse reactions.
Seventy-six naval crew members participated in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study. On 2 voyages, they were administered either a transdermal scopolamine patch containing 1.5 mg scopolamine and placebo tablets or 25-mg cinnarizine tablets and a placebo patch. Subjects completed questionnaires for each voyage, reporting on the efficacy of the drugs, the severity of their adverse reactions, and the preferred treatment.
Subjects reported the scopolamine patch to be significantly more effective than the cinnarizine tablet (P = 0.029). A moderate to high degree of drowsiness was attributed more frequently to cinnarizine than to the scopolamine patch (34% and 17%, respectively; P < 0.02). Any adverse reaction, to at least a moderate degree, was more frequent with cinnarizine (38%) than with the scopolamine patch (22%), although the significance of this association was borderline. A significantly greater percentage of subjects preferred transdermal scopolamine to cinnarizine (41 vs 12%, P < 0.001).
Higher efficacy, a lower rate of adverse reactions, and convenience all led the participants of this study to prefer the scopolamine patch to cinnarizine. Considering the 2 therapeutic options assessed in this study, and in light of the findings of previous studies, it is recommended that the scopolamine patch be used as the drug of choice for the treatment of seasickness among naval crew in particular and probably also among all other sea travelers.
本研究的目的是比较透皮东莨菪碱和桂利嗪预防晕船的疗效及其不良反应。
76名海军船员参与了一项双盲、随机、交叉研究。在两次航行中,他们分别使用含有1.5毫克东莨菪碱的透皮东莨菪碱贴片和安慰剂片剂,或者25毫克桂利嗪片剂和安慰剂贴片。受试者在每次航行后填写问卷,报告药物疗效、不良反应严重程度以及首选治疗方法。
受试者报告东莨菪碱贴片比桂利嗪片剂显著更有效(P = 0.029)。与东莨菪碱贴片相比,桂利嗪导致中度至高度嗜睡的情况更频繁(分别为34%和17%;P < 0.02)。桂利嗪出现至少中度不良反应的情况比东莨菪碱贴片更频繁(38%比22%),尽管这种关联的显著性接近临界值。明显更多的受试者更喜欢透皮东莨菪碱而非桂利嗪(41%对12%,P < 0.001)。
更高的疗效、更低的不良反应发生率和便利性,使得本研究的参与者更喜欢东莨菪碱贴片而非桂利嗪。考虑到本研究评估的两种治疗选择,以及以往研究的结果,建议将东莨菪碱贴片作为治疗晕船的首选药物,尤其适用于海军船员,可能也适用于所有其他海上旅行者。