Gordon C R, Gonen A, Nachum Z, Doweck I, Spitzer O, Shupak A
Motion Sickness and Human Performance Laboratory, Israel Naval Medical Institute, IDF Medical Corps, Haifa.
J Psychopharmacol. 2001 Sep;15(3):167-72. doi: 10.1177/026988110101500311.
We assessed the influence of dimenhydrinate, cinnarizine and transdermal scopolamine on the ability to perform simulated naval crew tasks. The effect of single doses of dimenhydrinate, 100 mg, cinnarizine, 50 mg, and one transdermal scopolamine patch on psychomotor performance was evaluated using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover design in three separate studies. A total of 60 young naval crew (20 for dimenhydrinate, 15 for cinnarizine and 25 for transdermal scopolamine) underwent a battery of computerized and paper and pencil performance tests, and filled out a questionnaire on side-effects and well-being self-assessment. Dimenhydrinate significantly impaired decision reaction time and auditory digit span. Most of the subjects who took dimenhydrinate also reported a subjective decrease in well-being and general performance abilities. Cinnarizine and transdermal scopolamine did not affect performance abilities. Cinnarizine was free of significant side-effects. Dry mouth was the only significant side-effect of transdermal scopolamine. These findings could be explained by the well-known sedative properties of dimenhydrinate and not by a specific effect on any particular cognitive or motor function. Our results suggest that dimenhydrinate, 100 mg, adversely affects psychomotor function, whereas single doses of cinnarizine, 50 mg, and transdermal scopolamine appear to be free of side-effects on performance and seem to be a preferable anti-seasickness drug for use by a naval crew.
我们评估了茶苯海明、桂利嗪和透皮东莨菪碱对模拟海军船员任务执行能力的影响。在三项独立研究中，采用双盲、安慰剂对照、随机、交叉设计，评估了单剂量100毫克茶苯海明、50毫克桂利嗪和一片透皮东莨菪碱贴片对精神运动表现的影响。共有60名年轻海军船员（20名服用茶苯海明，15名服用桂利嗪，25名服用透皮东莨菪碱）接受了一系列计算机化和纸笔性能测试，并填写了一份关于副作用和幸福感自我评估的问卷。茶苯海明显著损害了决策反应时间和听觉数字广度。大多数服用茶苯海明的受试者还报告主观幸福感和总体表现能力下降。桂利嗪和透皮东莨菪碱不影响表现能力。桂利嗪没有明显的副作用。口干是透皮东莨菪碱唯一显著的副作用。这些发现可以用茶苯海明众所周知的镇静特性来解释，而不是对任何特定认知或运动功能的特定影响。我们的结果表明，100毫克茶苯海明会对精神运动功能产生不利影响，而单剂量50毫克桂利嗪和透皮东莨菪碱似乎对表现没有副作用，似乎是海军船员使用的更理想的抗晕船药物。
