Union Institute of Work Environment and Health (ISTAS), Barcelona, Spain.
Eur J Public Health. 2012 Oct;22(5):688-93. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckr169. Epub 2011 Dec 2.
The purpose of this study was to analyse psychosocial factor exposures in the workplace for immigrant workers in Spain and identify differences in exposure at work between immigrants and Spaniards.
A multi-stage sample was taken by conglomerates (final sample size: 7555 workers). The information was obtained in 2004 and 2005 using a standardized questionnaire administered by interviewing participants in their homes. The analysis focused on eight psychosocial factors. For quantitative demands and insecurity, the exposure was defined according to the higher third, and for the others, the exposure was defined according to the lower third. The prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence interval (CI) for unfavourable psychosocial factor, both crude and adjusted, were calculated using log binomial models.
Those with highest prevalence of unfavourable psychosocial factor were immigrant manual workers, particularly in low possibilities for development (PR=2.87; 95% CI 2.44-3.73), and immigrant women, particularly in low control over working times (PR=1.72; 95% CI 1.55-1.91).
Immigrant workers with manual jobs and immigrant women are the groups most exposed to psychosocial factor. In efforts to prevent these exposures, these inequalities should be taken into account.
本研究旨在分析西班牙移民工人的工作场所心理社会因素暴露情况，并确定移民工人与西班牙工人之间工作暴露的差异。
采用整群抽样法（最终样本量：7555 名工人）。2004 年至 2005 年间，通过家访用标准化问卷收集信息。分析集中在八个心理社会因素上。对于定量需求和不安全感，根据较高的三分之一定义暴露，对于其他因素，则根据较低的三分之一定义暴露。使用对数二项式模型计算未调整和调整后的不利心理社会因素的粗比值比（PR）和置信区间（CI）。
具有最高不利心理社会因素患病率的是移民体力劳动者，特别是在发展机会较低的情况下（PR=2.87；95%CI 2.44-3.73），以及移民女性，特别是在工作时间控制较低的情况下（PR=1.72；95%CI 1.55-1.91）。
从事体力劳动的移民工人和移民女性是最容易受到心理社会因素影响的群体。在努力预防这些暴露的过程中，应该考虑到这些不平等。
