Department of Work Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Rudower Chaussee, Berlin, Germany.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2011 Apr;16(2):187-201. doi: 10.1037/a0021728.
Despite a steady increase of immigrant workers in Germany in the past decades, occupational health research has only peripherally addressed psychosocial working conditions and immigrant worker well-being. This study has two aims: (1) to investigate differences in psychosocial stressors and resources between immigrant and German low-wage workers, and (2) to examine group differences in their association with well-being using a structural equation modeling multiple group analysis approach. Eighty-nine immigrant and 146 German postmen of a German mail service company were surveyed. Results reveal more stressors in the social work environment for the immigrant workers than for their German coworkers but similar levels of task-related stressors in both groups. Stressors are more strongly associated with psychological distress among the German workers. In terms of resources, job control serves as a resource only among German workers, whereas supervisor and coworker support are more important for immigrant workers. These differences suggest that cultural factors, previous work experiences, and expectations influence the worker's experience of psychosocial working conditions and have a direct impact on worker health.
尽管过去几十年来德国移民工人的数量稳步增加，但职业健康研究仅涉及到移民工人的心理社会工作条件和福利。本研究有两个目的：（1）调查移民和德国低薪工人之间的心理社会压力源和资源的差异，（2）使用结构方程建模多组分析方法，研究这些差异与幸福感的关联。对一家德国邮政服务公司的 89 名移民和 146 名德国邮递员进行了调查。结果表明，移民工人的社会工作环境中存在更多的压力源，而他们与德国同事相比，工作相关的压力源水平相似。在德国工人中，压力源与心理困扰的相关性更强。就资源而言，工作控制仅在德国工人中是一种资源，而主管和同事支持对移民工人更为重要。这些差异表明，文化因素、先前的工作经验和期望会影响工人对心理社会工作条件的体验，并直接影响工人的健康。
