Bontempo Franklin A
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 2011 Oct-Dec;7(4):15-8. doi: 10.14797/mdcj-7-4-15.
Typically, surgical and anesthesia teams work together in the operating room to control blood loss by thoroughly evaluating bleeding risk preoperatively and by using their training in the treatment of intraoperative blood loss. As a result, most bleeding is usually well controlled. In many cases a hematologist is consulted for recommendations preoperatively or, in urgent situations, even while the patient is in the operating room. In the end, however, it is usually the surgeons and anesthesiologists making decisions about how best to control bleeding. What follows is an update on currently available options in the management of surgical bleeding (Table 1).
通常情况下，外科团队和麻醉团队在手术室协同工作，通过术前全面评估出血风险以及运用他们在术中失血治疗方面的培训来控制失血。因此，大多数出血通常能得到很好的控制。在许多情况下，术前会咨询血液科医生以获取建议，或者在紧急情况下，甚至在患者还在手术室时就进行咨询。然而，最终通常是外科医生和麻醉医生决定如何最好地控制出血。以下是关于目前外科出血管理可用选项的最新情况（表1）。
