2007-2008 年古巴圣克拉拉急性心肌梗死发病率、死亡率和病死率。

Acute myocardial infarction incidence, mortality and case fatality in Santa Clara, Cuba, 2007-2008.

机构信息

Ernesto Che Guevara Heart Center, Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba.

出版信息

MEDICC Rev. 2011 Oct;13(4):23-9. doi: 10.37757/MR2011V13.N4.6.

DOI:10.37757/MR2011V13.N4.6

PMID:22143604

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Information on acute myocardial infarction incidence and mortality is essential for determining the efficacy of the health system's cardiovascular disease prevention activities; however, in Cuba, sufficient data related to acute myocardial infarction are lacking, particularly at the local level.

OBJECTIVE

Describe acute myocardial infarction incidence, mortality and case fatality rates from January 2007 through December 2008 in persons aged 45-74 in the municipality of Santa Clara, Villa Clara Province, Cuba.

METHODS

A retrospective descriptive study was conducted. The World Health Organization MONItoring Trends and Determinants in CArdiovascular Disease Project (MONICA) methodology was used, but only in part, since out-of-hospital case fatalities were not investigated, resulting in insufficient data for such cases. Cases of acute myocardial infarction covered under MONICA definition 1 were included (non-fatal definite, fatal definite, fatal possible, and unclassifiable deaths). Hospitalized patients were followed for 28 days. Incidence, mortality and case fatality rates in the population were calculated by age group (45-54, 55-64 and 65-74 years) and sex. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated using the direct method, with the world population as a reference.

RESULTS

A total of 482 cases of acute myocardial infarction were registered. The percentage of cases of non-fatal definite, fatal definite, fatal possible and fatal with insufficient data were 32%, 18.3%, 26.3% and 13.9% respectively. The cumulative age-standardized incidence per 100,000 population was 433 (95% CI 365-501) in men and 195 (95% CI 152-237) in women, while mortality per 100,000 population was 242 (95% CI 192-292) in men and 120 (95% CI 87-153) in women. Case fatality was 56.4% in men and 62.6% in women. Most fatal cases (65.6%) occurred out of hospital, a trend that was more marked in men (73.9%) than in women (51%).

CONCLUSIONS

Case fatality from acute myocardial infarction in Santa Clara residents was high, especially in women. Two thirds of fatalities occurred out of hospital, a higher proportion of these deaths in men. It is recommended that the AMI registry be completed by investigating out-of-hospital case fatalities with insufficient data; expanding it to include the 35-44 age group; and that the supply of cardiac marker enzyme immunoassay test kits in Santa Clara be stabilized.

摘要

简介

急性心肌梗死发病率和死亡率的信息对于评估卫生系统心血管疾病预防活动的效果至关重要，但古巴缺乏足够的相关数据，尤其是在地方层面。

目的

描述 2007 年 1 月至 2008 年 12 月期间，古巴维利亚克拉拉省圣克拉拉市 45-74 岁人群的急性心肌梗死发病率、死亡率和病死率。

方法

采用回顾性描述性研究方法。采用世界卫生组织 MONItoring Trends and Determinants in CArdiovascular Disease Project（MONICA）方法，但仅部分采用，因为未调查院外病死率，因此这些病例的数据不足。纳入符合 MONICA 定义 1 的急性心肌梗死病例（非致命明确、致命明确、致命可能和无法分类的死亡）。对住院患者进行 28 天随访。通过年龄组（45-54、55-64 和 65-74 岁）和性别计算人群中的发病率、死亡率和病死率。使用直接法计算年龄标准化发病率和死亡率，以世界人口为参考。

结果

共登记 482 例急性心肌梗死病例。非致命明确、致命明确、致命可能和数据不足的致命病例的比例分别为 32%、18.3%、26.3%和 13.9%。每 10 万人的累积年龄标准化发病率为男性 433（95%CI 365-501），女性 195（95%CI 152-237），每 10 万人的死亡率为男性 242（95%CI 192-292），女性 120（95%CI 87-153）。男性的病死率为 56.4%，女性为 62.6%。大多数致命病例（65.6%）发生在院外，男性（73.9%）比女性（51%）更为明显。