Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Dec;85(6):1065-70. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0186.
We analyzed temporal changes in spatial patterns of active Schistosoma haematobium infection in different age groups and associated them with ponds infested with Bulinus snails. A major drought between 2001 and 2009 resulted in drying of ponds that were known sources of infection, and we detected very few or no snails in ponds that were infested in the past. The household-level spatial pattern of infection for children of various age groups in 2009 was contrasted with historical data from 2000. The significant local clustering of high- and low-infection levels among school-aged children that occurred in 2000 was absent in 2009. We attribute the disappearance of significant clustering around historical transmission hot spots to a decade-long drought in our study area. The implications of extreme weather and climate conditions on risk and transmission of S. haematobium and their relevance to control strategies are discussed.
我们分析了不同年龄组人群中埃及血吸虫活动性感染的空间模式的时间变化，并将其与感染曼氏血吸虫的钉螺孳生地联系起来。2001 年至 2009 年的一次大旱导致了已知感染源的池塘干涸，而过去曾经孳生钉螺的池塘现在几乎没有或没有发现钉螺。我们将 2009 年不同年龄组儿童的家庭感染空间模式与 2000 年的历史数据进行了对比。2000 年，学龄儿童中高感染水平和低感染水平的显著局域聚集现象在 2009 年已经不存在。我们认为，在我们的研究区域长达十年的干旱是导致历史传播热点周围显著聚集现象消失的原因。本文讨论了极端天气和气候条件对埃及血吸虫病风险和传播的影响及其与控制策略的相关性。
