Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Pediatrics. 2012 Jan;129(1):e31-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-1742. Epub 2011 Dec 5.
To determine the prevalence of headache 3 and 12 months after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI).
This is a prospective cohort study of children ages 5 to 17 years in which we analyzed the prevalence of headache 3 and 12 months after mild TBI (mTBI; n = 402) and moderate/severe TBI (n = 60) compared with controls with arm injury (AI; n = 122).
The prevalence of headache 3 months after injury was significantly higher after mTBI than after AI overall (43% vs 26%, relative risk [RR]: 1.7 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-2.3]), in adolescents (13-17 years; 46% vs 25%, RR: 1.8 [95% CI: 1.1-3.1]), and in girls (59% vs 24%, RR: 2.4 [95% CI: 1.4-4.2]). The prevalence of headache at 3 months was also higher after moderate/severe TBI than AI in younger children (5-12 years; 60% vs 27%; RR: 2.0 [95% CI: 1.2-3.4]). Twelve months after injury, TBI was not associated with a significantly increased frequency of headache. However, girls with mTBI reported serious headache (≥ 5 of 10 pain scale rating) more often than controls (27% vs 10%, RR: 2.2 [95% CI: 0.9-5.6]).
Pediatric TBI is associated with headache. A substantial number of children suffer from headaches months after their head injury. The prevalence of headache during the year after injury is related to injury severity, time after injury, age, and gender. Girls and adolescents appear to be at highest risk of headache in the months after TBI.
确定儿童创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后 3 个月和 12 个月的头痛患病率。
这是一项针对 5 至 17 岁儿童的前瞻性队列研究，我们分析了轻度 TBI（mTBI；n=402）和中重度 TBI（n=60）后 3 个月和 12 个月头痛的患病率，并与手臂受伤（AI；n=122）的对照组进行了比较。
总体而言，mTBI 后 3 个月的头痛患病率明显高于 AI（43% vs 26%，相对风险[RR]：1.7 [95%置信区间[CI]：1.2-2.3]），在青少年（13-17 岁）中（46% vs 25%，RR：1.8 [95% CI：1.1-3.1]）和女孩（59% vs 24%，RR：2.4 [95% CI：1.4-4.2]）。中重度 TBI 后 3 个月头痛的患病率在年龄较小的儿童（5-12 岁）中也高于 AI（60% vs 27%，RR：2.0 [95% CI：1.2-3.4]）。受伤 12 个月后，TBI 与头痛频率增加无显著相关性。然而，mTBI 的女孩报告严重头痛（疼痛量表评分≥10 分中的 5 分）的频率高于对照组（27% vs 10%，RR：2.2 [95% CI：0.9-5.6]）。
儿科 TBI 与头痛有关。相当数量的儿童在头部受伤后数月会遭受头痛。受伤后一年头痛的患病率与损伤严重程度、受伤后时间、年龄和性别有关。女孩和青少年在 TBI 后几个月似乎头痛风险最高。
