Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge MA 02138, USA.
Mol Ecol. 2011 Nov;20(22):4590-1. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05321.x.
Antarctic notothenioid fishes provide a fascinating evolutionary laboratory for the study of adaptive radiation, as their diversification is linked to both isolation in an extreme environment and a key innovation that allows them to exploit it. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Rutschmann et al. (2011) evaluate how dietary niche differences have evolved in notothenioids: rarely, or repeatedly in multiple lineages. The authors use stable isotopes to measure species’ use of benthic vs. pelagic resources and map resource use onto a molecular phylogeny. Their findings indicate that pelagic diets have evolved in multiple lineages in at least two families, indicating that dietary niche diversification has occurred repeatedly and in parallel.
南极鳕鱼为研究适应性辐射提供了一个引人入胜的进化实验室，因为它们的多样化与极端环境中的隔离以及一个允许它们利用这种环境的关键创新有关。在本期的《分子生态学》中，Rutschmann 等人（2011 年）评估了南极鳕鱼的饮食生态位差异是如何进化的：是很少还是在多个谱系中反复进化。作者使用稳定同位素来测量物种对底栖和浮游资源的利用，并将资源利用映射到分子系统发育上。他们的研究结果表明，在至少两个科中，多个谱系已经进化出了浮游生物的饮食，这表明饮食生态位的多样化已经反复且并行地发生。
