Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10065, USA.
Depress Anxiety. 2012 Mar;29(3):180-6. doi: 10.1002/da.20915. Epub 2011 Dec 6.
Previous studies suggest that people attempt suicide because they are cognitively inflexible, but past research suggesting a link between cognitive inflexibility and suicidal thoughts and behavior has been limited by cross-sectional designs. This study examined whether cognitive inflexibility differentially and prospectively predicted suicidal ideation among young adults with and without a history of a suicide attempt.
A sample of 45 young adults with (n = 13) or without (n = 32) a suicide attempt history completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), a diagnostic interview, and self-report measures of hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation, and were followed up 6 months later to reassess suicidal ideation.
Cognitive inflexibility, as measured by perseverative errors on the WCST, predicted suicidal ideation at 6-month follow-up, among suicide attempters, but not among nonattempters, adjusting for the presence of a baseline mood or anxiety diagnosis, hopelessness, and baseline suicidal ideation.
Cognitive inflexibility may increase vulnerability to suicidal ideation over time among individuals with a previous suicide attempt history. Implications for interventions with suicide attempters are discussed.
先前的研究表明，人们试图自杀是因为他们的认知灵活性较差，但过去有关认知灵活性与自杀意念和行为之间联系的研究受到横断面设计的限制。本研究旨在检验认知灵活性是否在有无自杀尝试史的青年成年人中对自杀意念产生不同的前瞻性预测。
一个由 45 名有（n=13）或无（n=32）自杀尝试史的年轻人组成的样本完成了威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）、诊断访谈以及无望、抑郁症状和自杀意念的自我报告测量，并在 6 个月后进行随访以重新评估自杀意念。
在调整了基线情绪或焦虑诊断、无望和基线自杀意念后，WCST 上的持续错误（衡量认知灵活性的指标）预测了有自杀尝试史的参与者在 6 个月随访时的自杀意念，但对无自杀尝试史的参与者则没有预测作用。
在有自杀尝试史的个体中，认知灵活性可能会随着时间的推移增加自杀意念的易感性。讨论了对自杀尝试者进行干预的意义。
