van Ginneken A M, Jansen W, Smeulders A W, van der Lei J, Baak J P
Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Methods Inf Med. 1990 Jul;29(3):182-92.
A tool is introduced for the acquisition of pathology knowledge in a formalized form, directly by the expert. Formalization of the knowledge is intended to make descriptive pathology knowledge more suitable for computerized diagnostic support since a formal representation of knowledge allows more extensive indexing, hence more flexible access. The knowledge acquisition (KA) tool also provides a useful research instrument to investigate to what extent pathology knowledge can be made explicit, to what degree ambiguity is present, in what way experts differ when formalizing knowledge, and whether it is feasible to incrementally acquire decision criteria on the basis of the formalized descriptive knowledge. Crucial in the design of the KA tool is the incorporated meta-knowledge, which is reflected by the knowledge-base structure and is used to elicit knowledge from the expert. Knowledge is acquired from the expert via a menu-driven user interface, which follows the general steps of the pathologist when describing a case. The paper discusses the considerations underlying the design, the implementation of the KA tool, and the research goals.
本文介绍了一种由专家直接以形式化方式获取病理学知识的工具。知识的形式化旨在使描述性病理学知识更适合计算机化诊断支持，因为知识的形式化表示允许更广泛的索引，从而实现更灵活的访问。知识获取（KA）工具还提供了一种有用的研究手段，以调查病理学知识在多大程度上可以明确表达、存在多大程度的模糊性、专家在形式化知识时的差异方式，以及基于形式化描述性知识逐步获取决策标准是否可行。KA工具设计中的关键是所包含的元知识，它由知识库结构反映，并用于从专家那里引出知识。知识通过菜单驱动的用户界面从专家那里获取，该界面遵循病理学家描述病例时的一般步骤。本文讨论了KA工具设计、实现背后的考虑因素以及研究目标。
