Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Fisheries, Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium.
Chemosphere. 2012 Mar;86(10):979-84. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.11.028. Epub 2011 Dec 10.
The organotin (OT) compounds tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPhT) are potent biocides that have been used ubiquitously in antifouling paints and pesticides since the mid-1970s. These biocides are extremely toxic to marine life, particularly marine gastropod populations. The European Union therefore took measures to reduce the use of TBT-based antifouling paints on ships and ultimately banned these paints in 2003. Despite sufficient data on OT concentrations in marine gastropods, data are scarce for other species such as the North Sea brown shrimp (Crangon crangon), a dominant crustacean species in North Sea inshore benthic communities. The present study provides the first spatial overview of OT concentrations in North Sea brown shrimp. We have compared these data with historical concentrations in shrimp as well as with sediment concentrations. We have also addressed the effect on the shrimp stock and any human health risks associated with the OT concentrations found. TBT and TPhT in shrimp tail muscle ranged from 4 to 124 and from 1 to 24 μg kg(-1) DW, respectively. High levels are accumulated in estuarine areas and are clearly related with sediment concentrations (biota-sediment accumulation factor ~10). Levels have decreased approximately 10-fold since the ban took effect, coinciding with a recovery of the shrimp stock after 30 years of gradual regression. Furthermore, the OT levels found in brown shrimp no longer present a human health risk.
有机锡（OT）化合物三丁基锡（TBT）和三苯基锡（TPhT）是有效的杀菌剂，自 20 世纪 70 年代中期以来，已广泛应用于防污涂料和农药中。这些杀菌剂对海洋生物，特别是海洋腹足类种群具有极强的毒性。因此，欧盟采取措施减少船舶中基于 TBT 的防污涂料的使用，并最终在 2003 年禁止这些涂料。尽管有足够的数据表明 OT 在海洋腹足类动物中的浓度，但对于其他物种的数据却很少，例如北海褐虾（Crangon crangon），这是北海近岸底栖生物群落中占主导地位的甲壳类物种。本研究首次提供了北海褐虾中 OT 浓度的空间概述。我们将这些数据与虾类的历史浓度以及沉积物浓度进行了比较。我们还探讨了 OT 浓度对虾类种群的影响，以及与 OT 浓度相关的任何人类健康风险。虾尾肌肉中的 TBT 和 TPhT 含量分别为 4 至 124 和 1 至 24μg kg(-1) DW。高浓度在河口地区积累，与沉积物浓度明显相关（生物-沉积物积累因子约为 10）。自禁令生效以来，OT 浓度约降低了 10 倍，与 30 年来逐渐衰退的虾类种群恢复一致。此外，在褐虾中发现的 OT 水平不再构成人类健康风险。
