Laboratory of Marine Immunobiology, Department of Environmental Biology and Biodiversity, Division of Animal Biology and Anthropology, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2012 Feb 1;175(3):424-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.11.037. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
In fish, interactions between Hsps and cortisol are involved in stress modulated physiological processes including innate immune responses. Cortisol exerts a role in the regulation of Hsps synthesis. Fish head kidney is a lymphomieloid and endocrine organ releasing cortisol, and it is the central organ for immune-endocrine interactions. In sea bass, cortisol intraperitoneal injection and in vitro treatment of head kidney cells show that inducible Hsp70 and Hsp90 are modulated by this hormone. However, an inverse relationship between mRNA expression (real-time PCR) and Hsp70 and Hsp90 protein levels (densitometric band analysis) was found. Time-course assays indicate a cortisol-mediated regulation. Furthermore, Hsp70 gene modulation appears to be more susceptible to the cortisol action and the mRNA was transcribed within 3h post-injection. The restoration of the homeostatic conditions was observed at a week p.i., when plasma cortisol baseline was reached. Although fish manipulation and injection exerted stressing effects as indicated by serological parameters, differences between cortisol treated specimens compared to untreated or sham fish are statistically significant. Similar results were found by examining in vitro total cells and isolated leukocytes from head kidney cultured for 3h with increasing cortisol concentration. Finally, MTT test and DNA fragmentation experiments showed that the apoptotic effect expected in cortisol-treated cells could be counteracted by high Hsp70 intracellular levels.
在鱼类中，Hsps 和皮质醇之间的相互作用涉及到应激调节的生理过程，包括先天免疫反应。皮质醇在 Hsps 合成的调节中发挥作用。鱼类头肾是一个淋巴样和内分泌器官，释放皮质醇，是免疫内分泌相互作用的中心器官。在鲈鱼中，皮质醇腹腔注射和头肾细胞的体外处理表明，诱导型 Hsp70 和 Hsp90 受这种激素调节。然而，mRNA 表达（实时 PCR）和 Hsp70 和 Hsp90 蛋白水平（密度带分析）之间存在反向关系。时程测定表明皮质醇介导的调节。此外，Hsp70 基因的调节似乎更容易受到皮质醇的作用，mRNA 在注射后 3 小时内转录。在一周的时间内，恢复了体内平衡条件，此时达到了血浆皮质醇的基线。尽管鱼类的操作和注射如血清学参数所示会产生应激效应，但与未处理或假鱼相比，皮质醇处理标本之间存在统计学上的显著差异。通过检查体外培养 3 小时的总细胞和分离的头肾白细胞，用递增的皮质醇浓度处理，也得到了类似的结果。最后，MTT 试验和 DNA 片段化实验表明，皮质醇处理细胞中预期的凋亡作用可以被高细胞内 Hsp70 水平抵消。
