Department of Nursing, Kyungwon University, San 65 Bokjeong-Dong, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
Nurs Ethics. 2012 Jan;19(1):139-59. doi: 10.1177/0969733011413491. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
The study reviewed 20 currently-available structured ethical decision-making models and developed an integrated model consisting of six steps with useful questions and tools that help better performance each step: (1) the identification of an ethical problem; (2) the collection of additional information to identify the problem and develop solutions; (3) the development of alternatives for analysis and comparison; (4) the selection of the best alternatives and justification; (5) the development of diverse, practical ways to implement ethical decisions and actions; and (6) the evaluation of effects and development of strategies to prevent a similar occurrence. From a pilot-test of the model, nursing students reported positive experiences, including being satisfied with having access to a comprehensive review process of the ethical aspects of decision making and becoming more confident in their decisions. There is a need for the model to be further tested and refined in both the educational and practical environments.
该研究回顾了 20 种现有的结构化伦理决策模型，并开发了一个由六个步骤组成的综合模型，其中包含有用的问题和工具，可以帮助在每个步骤中更好地表现：（1）识别伦理问题；（2）收集额外信息以识别问题并制定解决方案；（3）为分析和比较开发替代方案；（4）选择最佳替代方案并进行论证；（5）制定实施伦理决策和行动的多样化实用方法；（6）评估效果并制定策略以防止类似情况再次发生。通过对该模型的试点测试，护理专业的学生报告了积极的体验，包括对能够全面审查决策的伦理方面感到满意，并对自己的决策更加有信心。需要在教育和实践环境中进一步测试和完善该模型。
