Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Hypertens Res. 2012 Mar;35(3):261-5. doi: 10.1038/hr.2011.205. Epub 2011 Dec 8.
Observational studies have suggested that different chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) have differing relationships to smoking, but no randomized controlled trial has been conducted to examine this topic. In this article, we review available evidence concerning the relationship between smoking and each type of CKD in the general population as well as in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), primary glomerulonephritis and kidney transplants. There is good evidence of a relationship between smoking and CKD in patients with IgA nephropathy and kidney transplant recipients, but not in patients with DM or HT. Interestingly, it has been reported that the effect of smoking on CKD progression varies depending on the CKD stage. This variation might indicate a cumulative effect of smoking, possibly through oxidative stress. A better understanding of the relationship between smoking and CKD would be useful for nephrologists.
观察性研究表明，不同的慢性肾脏病（CKD）与吸烟之间的关系不同，但尚未进行随机对照试验来研究这一课题。本文综述了有关吸烟与普通人群及糖尿病（DM）、高血压（HT）、原发性肾小球肾炎和肾移植患者中每种 CKD 之间关系的现有证据。有充分证据表明，IgA 肾病患者和肾移植受者的吸烟与 CKD 之间存在关联，但 DM 或 HT 患者并非如此。有趣的是，据报道，吸烟对 CKD 进展的影响因 CKD 分期而异。这种变化可能表明吸烟的累积效应，可能通过氧化应激。更好地了解吸烟与 CKD 之间的关系将对肾病学家有用。
