Jamal Nazreen, Teach Stephen J
Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2011 Dec;27(12):1195-9; quiz 1200-2. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e31823b583c.
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare, rapidly progressive bacterial soft tissue infection with a high risk for morbidity and mortality. Although more common in adults, NF also affects the pediatric population. Many bacterial organisms can cause NF, but group A Streptococcus is the most common monomicrobial cause of disease. Necrotizing fasciitis remains principally a clinical diagnosis, and it is often missed early in its presentation because of the difficulty in differentiating it from more common soft tissue infections. The criterion standard for diagnosis and the mainstay of therapy are surgical debridement. Time to initiation and completion of therapy remains the most important factor in patient outcome, highlighting the importance of early recognition and intervention in this potentially devastating disease.
坏死性筋膜炎(NF)是一种罕见的、进展迅速的细菌性软组织感染,具有较高的发病和死亡风险。虽然NF在成年人中更为常见,但也会影响儿童群体。许多细菌可导致NF,但A组链球菌是最常见的单一微生物致病原因。坏死性筋膜炎主要仍是临床诊断,由于难以将其与更常见的软组织感染区分开来,在疾病早期常被漏诊。诊断的标准方法和治疗的主要手段是手术清创。开始治疗和完成治疗的时间仍然是影响患者预后的最重要因素,这凸显了在这种可能具有毁灭性的疾病中早期识别和干预的重要性。