Taylor M J, Smith M L, Iron K S
Division of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Neuropsychologia. 1990;28(7):691-705. doi: 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90124-7.
ERPs were recorded from 19 scalp electrodes while 48 subjects (24 females) performed visual recognition tasks for recurring verbal items and recurring abstract figures. Reaction times were longer in the figures than verbal task; the latencies of the ERP components (P2, N4, P3, P4) were also longer for the figures. A nonreversing asymmetry (R greater than L) was seen in both tasks. Significant task by electrode interactions (for P3, P4) were found, due to larger amplitudes anteriorly for the figures, but larger amplitudes posteriorly for the verbal task. All ERP latencies were longer for males than females. There were sex by task by electrode interactions in the amplitudes, due to larger ERPs (P2, N4) for females anteriorly for the figures, but slightly larger posteriorly for the verbal task. These results suggest that sex differences in cognitive abilities may be based on differences in biological mechanisms.
在48名受试者（24名女性）对重复出现的文字项目和重复出现的抽象图形执行视觉识别任务时，从19个头皮电极记录了事件相关电位（ERP）。图形任务的反应时间比文字任务更长；图形任务中ERP成分（P2、N4、P3、P4）的潜伏期也更长。在两项任务中均观察到非反转性不对称（右侧大于左侧）。发现了显著的任务与电极交互作用（对于P3、P4），这是由于图形任务在前部的振幅较大，而文字任务在后部的振幅较大。男性的所有ERP潜伏期均比女性长。在振幅方面存在性别×任务×电极交互作用，这是因为在图形任务中，女性前部的ERP（P2、N4）较大，而在文字任务中后部略大。这些结果表明，认知能力的性别差异可能基于生物机制的差异。
