Kariofillis Daniela, Sartory Gudrun, Kärgel Christian, Müller Bernhard W
Department of Psychology, University of Wuppertal, Germany.
Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR Clinic Essen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
Schizophr Res Cogn. 2014 Dec 8;1(4):180-186. doi: 10.1016/j.scog.2014.07.001. eCollection 2014 Dec.
Electrophysiological indices are sensitive to cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia but have rarely been used to assess benefits of cognitive remediation. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of specific cognitive training approaches on event-related potentials. Forty-six patients with schizophrenia underwent either auditory (AUD) or visuo-spatial (VIS) cognitive training or treatment-as-usual (TAU). Cognitive training was computer-assisted and administered for 10 sessions within two weeks. Event-related potentials during an active odd-ball paradigm together with clinical and neuropsychological variables were assessed before and after training and again at a two-month follow-up. Compared to the TAU group both the AUD and VIS training groups showed decreased P2 latency following training. At follow-up, the P2-latency reduction was stable in the VIS group but the AUD group experienced a relapse. Training resulted in improved digit-span backward among neuropsychological variables. Increased P2 amplitude was related to more positive symptoms and lower social-occupational functioning and longer P2 latency was associated with greater severity of stereotyped thinking. The more general visuo-spatial training appears to have a longer-lasting effect on P2 latency than the specific auditory training. Alternatively, there may be specific auditory discrimination deficits in schizophrenia requiring more extensive training for a stable change.
电生理指标对精神分裂症的认知功能障碍敏感，但很少用于评估认知康复的益处。我们的目的是评估特定认知训练方法对事件相关电位的影响。46例精神分裂症患者接受了听觉（AUD）或视觉空间（VIS）认知训练或常规治疗（TAU）。认知训练采用计算机辅助，在两周内进行10次训练。在训练前后以及两个月的随访时，评估主动奇数球范式期间的事件相关电位以及临床和神经心理学变量。与TAU组相比，AUD和VIS训练组在训练后P2潜伏期均缩短。随访时，VIS组的P2潜伏期缩短情况稳定，但AUD组出现了复发。训练导致神经心理学变量中的数字广度倒背得到改善。P2波幅增加与更多的阳性症状和更低的社会职业功能相关，P2潜伏期延长与刻板思维的严重程度增加相关。更一般的视觉空间训练似乎对P2潜伏期的影响比特定的听觉训练更持久。或者，精神分裂症可能存在特定的听觉辨别缺陷，需要更广泛的训练才能实现稳定的改变。
