Piramal Life Sciences Ltd, 1 Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon (E), Mumbai-400063, India.
Chem Soc Rev. 2012 Apr 7;41(7):2824-48. doi: 10.1039/c1cs15242d. Epub 2011 Dec 12.
Nanotechnology has resulted in materials that have greatly improved the effectiveness of drug delivery because of their ability to control matter on the nanoscale. Advanced forms of nanomedicine have been synthesized for better pharmacokinetics to obtain higher efficacy, less systemic toxicity, and better targeting. These criteria have long been the goal in nanomedicine, in particular, for systemic applications in oncological disorders. Now, the "holy grail" in nanomedicine is to design and synthesize new advanced macromolecular nanocarriers and to translate them from lab to clinic. This review describes the current and future perspectives of nanomedicine with particular emphasis on the clinical targets in cancer and inflammation. The advanced forms of liposomes and polyethylene glycol (PEG) based nanocarriers, as well as dendritic polymer conjugates will be discussed with particular attention paid to designs, synthetic strategies, and chemical pathways. In this critical review, we also report on the current status and perspective of dendritic polymer nanoconjugate platforms (e.g. polyamidoamine dendrimers and dendritic polyglycerols) for cellular localization and targeting of specific tissues (192 references).
纳米技术已经产生了许多材料，由于其能够在纳米尺度上控制物质，因此大大提高了药物输送的效果。已经合成了先进形式的纳米药物，以改善药代动力学，从而获得更高的疗效、更低的全身毒性和更好的靶向性。这些标准一直是纳米医学的目标，特别是对于肿瘤等全身性疾病的系统应用。现在，纳米医学的“圣杯”是设计和合成新型先进的高分子纳米载体，并将其从实验室转化为临床。本综述描述了纳米医学的现状和未来展望，特别强调了癌症和炎症的临床靶点。本文将特别关注脂质体和聚乙二醇（PEG）为基础的纳米载体的先进形式，以及树枝状聚合物缀合物，讨论其设计、合成策略和化学途径。在这篇重要的综述中，我们还报告了树枝状聚合物纳米缀合物平台（如聚酰胺胺树枝状大分子和树枝状聚甘油）在细胞定位和靶向特定组织方面的现状和前景（192 篇参考文献）。
