Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2010;10(10):9493-511. doi: 10.3390/s101009493. Epub 2010 Oct 21.
Energy efficiency and balancing is one of the primary challenges for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) since the tiny sensor nodes cannot be easily recharged once they are deployed. Up to now, many energy efficient routing algorithms or protocols have been proposed with techniques like clustering, data aggregation and location tracking etc. However, many of them aim to minimize parameters like total energy consumption, latency etc., which cause hotspot nodes and partitioned network due to the overuse of certain nodes. In this paper, a Distance-based Energy Aware Routing (DEAR) algorithm is proposed to ensure energy efficiency and energy balancing based on theoretical analysis of different energy and traffic models. During the routing process, we consider individual distance as the primary parameter in order to adjust and equalize the energy consumption among involved sensors. The residual energy is also considered as a secondary factor. In this way, all the intermediate nodes will consume their energy at similar rate, which maximizes network lifetime. Simulation results show that the DEAR algorithm can reduce and balance the energy consumption for all sensor nodes so network lifetime is greatly prolonged compared to other routing algorithms.
节能和平衡是无线传感器网络（WSN）的主要挑战之一，因为一旦部署，小型传感器节点就无法轻易充电。到目前为止，已经提出了许多节能路由算法或协议，采用了聚类、数据聚合和位置跟踪等技术。然而，其中许多算法旨在最小化总能量消耗、延迟等参数，这会导致由于某些节点的过度使用而出现热点节点和分区网络。在本文中，提出了一种基于距离的能量感知路由（DEAR）算法，该算法基于对不同能量和流量模型的理论分析，确保节能和能量平衡。在路由过程中，我们考虑单个距离作为主要参数，以调整和均衡参与传感器的能量消耗。剩余能量也被视为次要因素。通过这种方式，所有中间节点将以相似的速率消耗能量，从而最大限度地延长网络寿命。仿真结果表明，与其他路由算法相比，DEAR 算法可以减少和平衡所有传感器节点的能量消耗，从而大大延长网络寿命。
