Chen Li, Ji Ya-Qin, Liu Ai-Xia, Bai Zhi-Peng, Wang Bin, Chen Li, Zhao Xue-Yan, Wu Li-Ping
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Sep;32(9):2769-76.
In some Chinese cities air pollution is serious, and the major pollutant is still PM10. The source apportionment results show: wind erosion dust is an important source of particulate matter. So the contribution of this source should be calculated. The suburban land of Tianjin was classified based on Landsat TM satellite image, and samples of different land use types were taken. The soil textures were determined with the analysis of soil samples by the laser particle analyzer and GIS-based interpolation computation. The wind erosion modulus, wind erosion fluxes, dust release modulus and dust release fluxes were calculated in four seasons in suburban of Tianjin (Beichen, Xiqing, Jinnan and Dongli). The wind erosion fluxes in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 21236.31, 4435.21, 7272.13 and 17204.4 t in 2009; the wind erosion fluxes in Beichen, Xiqing, Jinnan and Dongli were 6380.23, 32 881.13, 8 340.67 and 2 546.02 t in 2009; the wind erosion fluxes from cultivated land and forest grassland were 49 599.2 and 548.85 t, respectively. The soil dust release fluxes in Tianjin suburban were 9 352.92 t (particle size < 10 microm), 20 587.99 t (particle size 10-15 microm)and 13 873.74 t (particle size 15-20 microm). In 2009, there were 20 592.91 t soil dusts with particulate diameter of 20 microm or less that were transmitted from suburban to central district, and 4 395.89 t with particulate diameter of 10 microm or less, about 21.35%.
在中国的一些城市，空气污染严重，主要污染物仍是可吸入颗粒物（PM10）。源解析结果表明：风蚀扬尘是颗粒物的重要来源。因此，应计算该源的贡献率。基于陆地卫星专题制图仪（Landsat TM）卫星影像对天津郊区土地进行分类，并采集不同土地利用类型的样本。通过激光粒度分析仪对土壤样本进行分析并基于地理信息系统（GIS）的插值计算来确定土壤质地。计算了天津郊区（北辰、西青、津南和东丽）四季的风蚀模数、风蚀通量、沙尘释放模数和沙尘释放通量。2009年春、夏、秋、冬四季的风蚀通量分别为21236.31、4435.21、7272.13和17204.4吨；2009年北辰、西青、津南和东丽的风蚀通量分别为6380.23、32881.13、8340.67和2546.02吨；耕地和风蚀草地的风蚀通量分别为49599.2和548.85吨。天津郊区土壤沙尘释放通量为9352.92吨（粒径<10微米）、20587.99吨（粒径10 - 15微米）和13873.74吨（粒径15 - 20微米）。2009年，从郊区传输到中心城区的粒径20微米及以下的土壤沙尘为20592.91吨，粒径10微米及以下的为4395.89吨，约占21.35%。
