Department of Psychiatry and the Ribicoff Research Facilities, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2012 Jun 1;71(11):1022-5. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.11.006. Epub 2011 Dec 9.
Ketamine has recently gained significant attention owing to its psychotomimetic and more recently discovered rapid antidepressant-like properties. ¹H-[¹³C]-nuclear magnetic resonance studies were employed to explore potential physiological processes underlying these unique effects. [1-¹³C]glucose and [2-¹³C]acetate-nuclear magnetic resonance ex vivo studies were performed on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus of rats acutely treated with 30 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg ketamine and compared with saline-treated animals to determine the effects of ketamine on amino acid neurotransmitter cycling and glial metabolism. A subanesthetic, but not anesthetic, dose of ketamine significantly increased the percentage of ¹³C-enrichments of glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, and glutamine in the mPFC of rats. Subanesthetic doses of ketamine increased mPFC amino acid neurotransmitter cycling, as well as neuronal and glial energy metabolism. These data add to previous reports suggesting increased mPFC levels of glutamate release, following the administration of subanesthetic doses of ketamine, are related to the drug's acute effects on cognition, perception, and mood.
氯胺酮由于其致幻作用以及最近发现的快速抗抑郁样特性而受到广泛关注。¹H-[¹³C]-核磁共振研究用于探索这些独特作用的潜在生理过程。对急性给予 30 mg/kg 或 80 mg/kg 氯胺酮的大鼠的内侧前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 和海马进行了[1-¹³C]葡萄糖和[2-¹³C]乙酸盐-nuclear magnetic resonance 离体研究，并与生理盐水处理的动物进行了比较，以确定氯胺酮对氨基酸神经递质循环和神经胶质代谢的影响。亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮可显著增加大鼠 mPFC 中谷氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和谷氨酰胺的¹³C 丰度百分比。亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮增加了 mPFC 氨基酸神经递质循环以及神经元和神经胶质的能量代谢。这些数据增加了之前的报告，表明亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮给药后 mPFC 中谷氨酸释放增加，这与药物对认知、知觉和情绪的急性影响有关。
