Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012 Jan;219(2):527-36. doi: 10.1007/s00213-011-2573-0. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
Impulsivity and mindfulness both emphasize orientation to the present, and both have been linked to alcohol misuse, but the relationship between the two is not clearly understood.
The objectives of this study are to examine the relationships between elements of impulsivity and mindfulness and to examine both variables in relation to alcohol misuse.
Young adults (N = 116) were assessed for alcohol use, mindfulness, and impulsivity using psychometrically validated measures.
Numerous significant associations were present among the facets of impulsivity and mindfulness. All impulsivity facets and three facets of mindfulness were related to alcohol consumption and adverse consequences from drinking. After controlling for other variables, only the impulsivity domains of Negative Urgency (NU), Positive Urgency, and delay discounting were significantly related to alcohol consumption and only Lack of Premeditation and NU were significantly associated with drinking-related consequences.
There was considerable overlap between some elements of impulsivity and mindfulness while the overlap was negligible for other facets. The associations between mindfulness and alcohol misuse were entirely a function of impulsivity. In particular, acting on impulses while experiencing a negative affect was significantly associated with level of alcohol consumption and level of alcohol-related risk. Steep discounting of future rewards was associated with alcohol consumption while poor premeditation was associated with adverse drinking consequences. These findings illustrate the importance of jointly studying impulsivity when examining mindfulness traits.
冲动和正念都强调对当下的关注，两者都与酒精滥用有关，但两者之间的关系尚不清楚。
本研究的目的是检验冲动和正念的各个元素之间的关系，并检验这两个变量与酒精滥用的关系。
使用经过心理测量验证的测量工具，对 116 名年轻人进行了酒精使用、正念和冲动评估。
冲动和正念的各个方面之间存在许多显著的关联。冲动的所有方面和正念的三个方面都与饮酒量和饮酒相关的不良后果有关。在控制了其他变量后，只有冲动的消极冲动（NU）、积极冲动和延迟折扣这两个方面与饮酒量显著相关，只有缺乏预先计划和 NU 与饮酒相关的后果显著相关。
在冲动和正念的某些元素之间存在相当大的重叠，而在其他方面则几乎没有重叠。正念和酒精滥用之间的关联完全是冲动的结果。具体来说，在经历负面情绪时冲动行事与饮酒量和酒精相关风险水平显著相关。对未来奖励的大幅折扣与饮酒量有关，而缺乏深思熟虑则与不良饮酒后果有关。这些发现说明了在研究正念特征时同时研究冲动的重要性。
