Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Akhunbaev street 92, Bishkek, 720020, Kyrgyzstan.
Sleep Breath. 2012 Dec;16(4):1009-16. doi: 10.1007/s11325-011-0624-8. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common and underrecognized disorder affecting at least 2% and 4% of women and men, respectively. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), on the other hand, affects around 13% of US adults. Both of these conditions share some risk factors such as age, obesity, and smoking and are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. By itself OSA may play a role in the development of arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia with potential impact on CKD development and/or progression. But the data regarding OSA and CKD are relatively scant.
Moreover, several studies had shown possible harmful effects on kidney function independent from conventional risk factors. CKD is associated with excessive fluid volume, with potential shift during recumbency towards the neck area with increased upper airway resistance. Thus, OSA and CKD may be the results of each other and when present together may impose much greater cardiovascular risk than either disease alone.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见且未被充分认识的疾病，分别影响至少 2%和 4%的女性和男性。另一方面，慢性肾脏病（CKD）影响约 13%的美国成年人。这两种情况都有一些共同的危险因素，如年龄、肥胖和吸烟，并且与心血管发病率和死亡率的增加有关。OSA 本身可能在动脉高血压、代谢综合征、2 型糖尿病和血脂异常的发展中起作用，从而对 CKD 的发展和/或进展产生潜在影响。但是，关于 OSA 和 CKD 的数据相对较少。
此外，几项研究表明，OSA 对肾功能有独立于传统危险因素的潜在有害影响。CKD 与过多的体液量有关，在卧位时可能会向颈部区域转移，导致上呼吸道阻力增加。因此，OSA 和 CKD 可能是相互作用的结果，当它们同时存在时，可能比任何一种疾病单独存在时造成更大的心血管风险。
