World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov 14;17(42):4643-6. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i42.4643.
The gut microbiota plays a role in promoting and maintaining inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), hence the rationale for the use of antibiotics in the treatment of those disorders. Antibiotics, however, may induce untoward effects, especially during long-term therapy. Rifaximin α polymer is an antibacterial agent that is virtually unabsorbed after oral administration and is devoid of systemic side effects. Rifaximin has provided promising results in inducing remission of Crohn's disease (up to 69% in open studies and significantly higher rates than placebo in double blind trials) and ulcerative colitis (76% in open studies and significantly higher rates than placebo in controlled studies) and might also have a role in maintaining remission of ulcerative colitis and pouchitis. The potential therapeutic activity of rifaximin in IBD deserves to be further investigated and confirmed in larger, controlled studies. The optimal dosage still needs to be better defined.
肠道微生物群在促进和维持炎症性肠病（IBD）的炎症中发挥作用，因此抗生素在这些疾病的治疗中具有合理的作用。然而，抗生素可能会引起不良反应，尤其是在长期治疗期间。利福昔明 α 聚合物是一种口服给药后几乎不被吸收且无全身副作用的抗菌剂。利福昔明在诱导克罗恩病缓解方面取得了有前景的结果（开放研究中高达 69%，双盲试验中显著高于安慰剂）和溃疡性结肠炎（开放研究中 76%，对照研究中显著高于安慰剂），并且在维持溃疡性结肠炎和袋炎的缓解方面也可能具有作用。利福昔明在 IBD 中的潜在治疗活性值得进一步在更大规模的对照研究中进行调查和确认。最佳剂量仍需要更好地确定。
